Keywords
The keyword list is updated every January 1. Authors are required to select 2-5 words that best describe the subject matter of their paper from this list; words that are not on the list cannot be matched.
When listing keywords on the title page of your manuscript, do not include the explanatory material that is within the parentheses. By using multiple keywords from the list you can narrow the focus of the subject matter (eg, fistula, trachea, esophagus).
A
- Ablative therapy (all modalities)
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS
- Adjuvant/neoadjuvant therapy
- Adult
- Allograft, homograft
- Airway (includes related subject matter)
- Anastomosis (specify tissue or structure)
- Anatomy
- Anesthesia (includes related subject matter)
- Aneurysm (specify location)
- Angiogenesis
- Animal model
- Annuloplasty (specify location)
- Antibiotics
- Antibody/antigen
- Antiinflammatory agents
- Aorta/aortic
- Aortic arch
- Aortic dissection (includes ulcers, hematomas)
- Aortic operation (operation on the aorta)
- Aortic root
- Aortic valve, repair
- Aortic valve, replacement
- Apoptosis
- Arrhythmia
- Arrhythmia therapy (includes Maze; surgical ablation)
- Artery/arteries (includes all peripheral arteries)
- Atherosclerosis
- Atrial fibrillation, flutter
- Artificial organs
- Atrium
- Autograft
- Autonomic nervous system
B
- Biochemistry
- Bioengineering
- Biomaterials
- Bleeding (includes related subject matter)
- Blood
- Blood, coagulation/anticoagulation
- Blood conservation
- Blood constituents (plasma, red cells, etc.)
- Blood substitutes
- Blood transfusion (includes blood typing)
- Brain
- Bronchial arteries
- Bronchial disease (includes injury, stenosis, tumor, etc.)
- Bronchiolitis obliterans
- Bronchoscopy/bronchus
C
- Calcification (specify location or tissue)
- Cancer (specify organ or tissue)
- Cardiac (use in combination)
- Cardiac anatomy/pathologic anatomy
- Cardiac catheterization/intervention
- Cardiac function
- Cardiac tumors (includes primary, metastatic)
- Cardiomyopathy (any cause)
- Cardiology/cardiologist
- Cardiopulmonary bypass, CPB
- CPB, anticoagulant therapy
- CPB, cell saver
- CPB, components (includes configurations, minimization)
- CPB, equipment (includes surface coatings)
- CPB, inflammatory response, complications
- CPB, physiology/pathophysiology
- Carotid arteries
- Cell biology/culture
- Cell signaling, receptors
- Cell transplantation
- Cerebral circulation
- Cerebral complications
- Cerebral protection
- Chemotherapy
- Chest
- Chest wall
- Chyle (includes all diseases related to chyle)
- Circulatory assistance, destination therapy
- Circulatory assistance, temporary (includes intraaortic balloon pump)
- Circulatory assist devices (LVAD, RVAD, BVAD, TAH)
- Circulatory hemodynamics
- Coagulants (topical, systemic, experimental)
- Coarctation
- Collateral blood flow (specify location; eg, myocardium, brain)
- Co-morbidity (specify organ or system)
- Complement
- Computed tomography, CAT scan
- Computer applications (includes simulation, artificial intelligence, fuzzy logic, etc.)
- Congenital heart disease, CHD
- CHD, arterial switch operation
- CHD, Fontan
- CHD, great vessel anomalies
- CHD, heterotaxy
- CHD, hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- CHD, miscellaneous (includes endomyocardial fibrosis)
- CHD, Norwood
- CHD, Rastelli
- CHD, septal defects
- CHD, tetralogy of Fallot
- CHD, truncus arteriosus
- CHD, univentricular heart
- CHD, valve (lesions, repair, replacement)
- Coronary artery bypass grafts surgery, CABG
- CABG, arterial grafts
- CABG, new technology
- CABG, science (pathology, pharmacology, physiology, etc.)
- CABG, venous grafts
- Coronary artery imaging (all modalities)
- Coronary artery science (pathology, pharmacology, physiology, etc.)
- Coronary percutaneous interventions, PCI
- Coronary sinus
- Cysts (specify location)
D
- Database (includes related subject matter)
- Defibrillation
- Device
- Diabetes mellitus
- Diaphragm (includes related subject matter)
E
- Echocardiography (all modalities, applications)
- Education, all levels
- Electrophysiology (includes mapping)
- Embolism (specify location)
- Embryology
- Emphysema/bullae
- Empyema
- Endarterectomy (specify vessel)
- Endocarditis
- Endoscopy/endoscopic procedures
- Endobronchial stents
- Endothelium (includes related subject matter)
- Endovascular procedures/stents, except PCI
- Esophagus
- Esophagus, Barrett’s
- Esophagus, benign disease (includes diverticula)
- Esophageal biology/pathology
- Esophageal cancer
- Esophageal congenital anomalies
- Esophageal injury/perforation
- Esophageal motility disorders
- Esophageal surgery
- Esophagoscopy/biopsy (includes fine needle biopsy)
- Ethics
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECMO
F
- Fetal surgery/research
- Fibrin/fibrosis
- Fistula (specify location or organ)
- Foreign body (specify location)
G
- Gastroesophageal reflux, GERD
- Gender
- Genes/polymorphisms
- Genetics, genomics
- Gene therapy
- Geriatric (includes elderly)
- Glue, tissue
H
- Health economics (includes cost analysis)
- Health provider (delivery/reimbursements)
- Health policy (includes government regulation or advocacy)
- Heart failure
- Heart failure operations
- Heart valve
- Heart valve, allograft
- Heart valve, autograft
- Heart valve, bioprosthesis
- Heart valve, mechanical
- Heart valve, transapical, percutaneous
- Heart valve, stentless
- Heart valves, multiple
- Hematology
- Hemothorax
- Hernias (specify location)
- Hiatal hernia
- Histology (specify tissue)
- History
- Hormones (systemic, tissue or cellular)
- Hydatid disease
- Hyperhidrosis
- Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
- Hypothermia/circulatory arrest
- Hypoxia/reoxygenation
I
- Imaging (all modalities; specify target)
- Immunochemistry
- Immunology
- Infant
- Infection
- Inflammation, systemic
- Inflammatory cells (neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages)
- Inflammatory mediators (eg, cytokines, cytotoxins, metalloproteinases)
- Intensive care
- Intralesional therapy (eg, cryo, radiofrequency, brachy, ultrasonic, etc.)
- In vitro studies (models, modeling, test apparatus, benchwork, etc.)
- Ischemia (specify organ or tissue)
- Ischemia/reperfusion (specify organ or tissue)
- Ischemic heart disease, angina
K
- Kidney (includes related subject matter)
L
- Larynx (includes related subject matter)
- Lasers
- Learning aids (all methods, includes CME)
- Leukocytes (all varieties)
- Liver, abdominal organs
- Lobectomy (lung)
- Lung
- Lung, benign or congenital lesions
- Lung cancer clinical trials
- Lung cancer, biology (includes antigens, markers, receptors)
- Lung cancer, diagnosis (includes staging, imaging, fiducials)
- Lung cancer, neuroendocrine (includes carcinoid, small cell)
- Lung cancer surgery
- Lung infection
- Lung pathology
- Lung physiology
- Lung volume reduction
- Lymph nodes (specify location)
M
- Magnetic resonance imaging, MRI
- Mediastinum
- Mediastinal infection
- Mediastinal lymph nodes
- Mediastinal tumor (includes thymus)
- Mediastinoscopy
- Mesothelioma (includes related subject matter)
- Metabolism (includes cell, organ, or body)
- Metastases/metastasectomy (specify primary and met locations)
- Minimally invasive surgery (includes port access, minithoracotomy)
- Mitral regurgitation (includes all etiologies)
- Mitral systolic anterior motion, SAM
- Mitral valve
- Mitral valve repair
- Mitral valve replacement
- Modeling (computer, mathematical, statistical, etc.)
- Molecular biology
- Myasthenia gravis
- Myocardial infarction (includes complications; eg, rupture)
- Myocardial injury (includes blunt, penetrating and iatrogenic)
- Myocardial mechanics (eg, stress, strain, contractility, etc.)
- Myocardial metabolism
- Myocardial morphology
- Myocardial protection/cardioplegia
- Myocardial remodeling (re-shaping, constraining, ventriculectomy)
- Myocardium
- Myxoma
N
- Neonate
- Neurocognitive deficits (includes related subject matter)
- Neuroendocrine tumor
- Neurology/neurologic (deficits, disease, injury)
- Nerves, cranial or peripheral
- Nitric oxide
- Nursing
- Nutrition
O
- Obesity (includes related subject matter)
- Off-pump surgery
- Organ donor management (includes related subject matter)
- Organ preservation
- Outcomes (includes mortality, morbidity)
P
- Pacemaker (includes related subject matter)
- Pacing, resynchronization/biventricular
- Pain (includes related subject matter)
- Pathology (specify organ or tissue)
- Pathophysiology (specify organ or system)
- Patient safety
- Pectus excavatum, carinatum
- Pediatric
- Perfusion (specify organ or tissue)
- Pericardium (includes related subject matter)
- Perioperative care (refers to intraoperative care)
- Peripheral vascular disease (outside the chest)
- Pharmacology (specify target disease, organ or cell)
- Phrenic nerve (includes related subject matter)
- Physiology (specify organ or system)
- Platelets (includes related subject matter)
- Pleura (includes fibrosis, decortication, tumor)
- Pleural airleak/effusion
- Pleural space (drainage, any manipulation)
- Pneumonectomy
- Pneumothorax
- Positron emission tomography, PET
- Postoperative care
- Practice guidelines (specify subject)
- Preconditioning (specify organ)
- Pregnancy
- Prematurity
- Preoperative care (includes related subject matter)
- Professional affairs
- Prosthesis (specify organ or tissue)
- Proteomics
- Pulmonary arteries/veins
- Pulmonary embolism (includes deep vein thrombosis)
- Pulmonary function (includes tests)
- Pulmonary valve (includes prosthetic valves)
- Pulmonary vascular resistance/hypertension
Q
- Quality of life
R
- Radiation therapy (includes all modalities)
- Rehabilitation
- Rejection (immunologic; specify organ)
- Reoperation (specify organ or site)
- Restenosis (specify tissue)
- Resuscitation (includes in- or out-of-hospital life saving)
- Revascularization (specify organ or tissue)
- Rheumatic disease
- Robotics (includes related subject matter)
- Ross operation
S
- Sarcoma (specify tissue or organ)
- Shock (systemic, cardiac or circulatory)
- Shunts (specify location)
- Smoking
- Spinal cord (includes related subject matter)
- Statistics
- Statistics, Bayesian
- Statistics, clinical trial
- Statistics, meta analysis
- Statistics, propensity matching
- Statistics, regression analysis
- Statistics, risk analysis/modeling
- Statistics, survival analysis
- Stem cells (includes related subject matter)
- Stents (specify location)
- Sternum (includes related subject matter)
- Stroke
- Surgery/incisions
- Surgery, complications
- Surgery, emergency
- Surgical equipment (instruments, sutures, etc.)
- Sympathectomy
T
- Thoracic duct (includes related subject matter)
- Thoracic outlet
- Thoracoplasty
- Thoracoscopy/VATS
- Thoracotomy
- Thrombosis (specify location)
- Thymectomy
- Thymoma
- Thymus
- Tissue engineering
- Trachea
- Tracheal injury
- Tracheal stenosis
- Tracheal surgery
- Tracheal tumor
- Tracheostomy
- Transplantation, heart (includes related subject matter)
- Transplantation, heart-lung (includes related subject matter)
- Transplantation, lung (includes related subject matter)
- Trauma (includes related subject matter)
- Trauma, blunt
- Trauma, penetrating
- Tricuspid valve (includes related subject matter)
- Tuberculosis (includes related subject matter)
- Tumor (specify location)
- Tumor markers (includes fiducials)
U
- Ultrasound (all applications)
V
- Vascular science (biochemistry, pharmacology, pathology, etc.)
- Vascular tone and reactivity
- Venous disease
- Ventilation (includes related subject matter)
- Ventricle, left
- Ventricle, right
W
- Wound closure
- Wound dehiscence
- Wound healing (includes related subject matter)
- Wound infection (includes related subject matter)
X
- Xenograft (includes related subject matter)
