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Ann Thorac Surg 1991;52:541-543
© 1991 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons


Articles

Complement activation during bypass in acquired C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency

Robert S. Bonser, MRCP, FRCS(C/Th)*, Jitendra Dave, FIMLS, John Morgan, MRCP, Cliff Morgan, FFARCS, Edward Davies, FIMLS, Paul Taylor, FIMLS, Harold Gaya, FRCPath, Lindsay John, FRCS, Matthias Paneth, FRCS, Diego Vergani, MD

The Brompton Hospital and King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Accepted for publication January 16, 1991.

* Address reprint requests to Mr Bonser, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom.


    Abstract
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 Abstract
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Serial complement estimations during cardiopulmonary bypass are reported in a patient with acquired C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency. Although the extent of classic and alternative pathway activation appeared appropriate, exaggerated common pathway activation with massive increase in the C3d:C3 ratio occurred. A fatal hemostatic disorder, pulmonary edema, and circulatory collapse ensued despite prophylaxis and therapy.


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  1. Gelfand JA, Boss GR, Conley CL, Reinhart RR, Frank MM. Acquired C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency and angioedema: a review Medicine (Baltimore) 1979;58:321-328.[Medline]
  2. Jaffe CS, Atkinson JP, Gelfand JA, Frank MM. Hereditary angioedema: the use of fresh frozen plasma for prophylaxis in patients undergoing oral surgery J Allergy Clin Immunol 1975;155:386-393.
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  4. Bonser RS, Dave JR, John L, et al. Complement activation before, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1990;4:291-296.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  5. Metzger WJ, Grem J, Halverson PC, et al. C1 INH deficiency and angioedema: a spectrum of disease Ann Allergy 1984;52:285-290.[Medline]
  6. Hauptmann G, Mayer S, Lang JM, Oberling F, Mayer G. Treatment of acquired C1-inhibitor deficiency with danazol Ann Intern Med 1977;87:577-578.[Medline]
  7. Gadek JE, Hosea SW, Gelfand JA, et al. Replacement therapy in angioneurotic oedema: successful treatment of acute episodes of angioedema with partly purified C1 inhibitor N Engl J Med 1980;302:542-546.[Medline]
  8. Bonser RS, Vergani D. The role of the complement system during extra-corporeal circulation. In: Ionescu M, Kay PH, eds. Techniques of extra-corporeal circulation. London: Butterworths (in press).
  9. Sheffer AL, Austen KF, Rosen FS. Tranexamic acid therapy in hereditary angioneurotic oedema N Engl J Med 1976;295:1444-1448.[Medline]
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