Ann Thorac Surg 1978;25:479-487
© 1978 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
Articles
Concepts and Practices in Surgery for Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection
Nevin M. Katz, M.D.,
John W. Kirklin, M.D.*,
Albert D. Pacifico, M.D.
Department of Surgery, University of Alabama School of Medicine and Medical Center, Birmingham, AL
* Address reprint requests to Dr. Kirklin, Department of Surgery, University Station, Birmingham, AL 35294
 |
Abstract
|
|---|
In the last ten years there have been extensive refinements in the surgical approach to total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). This communication reviews determinants of hospital mortality and controversies in surgical management. As examples of current experience with repair of TAPVC, recent results at the University of Alabama and a combined analysis of hospital mortality for Alabama, Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston, and Green Lane Hospital are reported. From July, 1974, to July, 1977, the Alabama hospital mortality among the 17 infants with supracardiac, cardiac, and infracardiac TAPVC was 12% (2 infants).
 |
Footnotes
|
|---|
We appreciate the editorial and secretarial skills of Ms. Sandy O'Brien. Dr. Eugene H. Blackstone provided scientific and statistical advice.
 |
References
|
|---|
- Appelbaum A, Kirklin JW, Pacifico AD, et al. The surgical treatment of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection Isr J Med Sci 1975;11:89.[Medline]
- Barratt-Boyes BG. Primary definitive intracardiac operations in infants: total anomalous pulmonary venous connectionIn: Kirklin JW, editor. Advances in Cardiovascular Surgery. New York: Grune & Stratton; 1973. pp. 127.
- Barratt-Boyes BG, Simpson M, Neutze JM. Intracardiac surgery in neonates and infants using deep hypothermia with surface cooling and limited cardiopulmonary bypass Circulation 1971;43(Suppl 1):2544:.
- Behrendt DM, Aberdeen E, Waterston DJ, et al. Total anomalous drainage in infants: 1. Clinical and hemodynamic findings, methods, and results of operation in 37 cases Circulation 1972;46:347.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Bharati S, Lev M. Congenital anomalies of the pulmonary veins Cardiovasc Clin 1973;5:23.[Medline]
- Blackstone EH, Kirklin JW, Bradley EL, et al. Optimal age and results in repair of large ventricular septal defects J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976;72:661.[Abstract]
- Breckenridge IM, de Leval M, Stark J, et al. Correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in infancy J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1973;66:447.[Medline]
- Brighton JA, Wade ZA, Pierce WS, et al. Effect of atrial volume on the performance of a sac-type artificial heart Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1973;19:567.[Medline]
- Burroughs JT, Edwards JE. Total anomalous venous connection Am Heart J 1960;59:913.[Medline]
- Carter REB, Capriles M, Noe Y. Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage: a clinical and anatomical study of 75 children Br Heart J 1969;31:45.[Free Full Text]
- Cartmill TB, Overton JH, Celermajer JM. Deep hypothermia and perfusion in infancyIn: Barratt-Boyes BG, Neutze JM, Harris EA, editors. Heart Disease in Infancy, Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment. Edinburgh and London: Churchill/Livingstone; 1973. pp. 45.
- Castaneda AR, Lamberti J, Sade RM, et al. Openheart surgery during the first three months of life J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1974;68:719.[Medline]
- Cooley DA, Hallman GL, Leachman RD. Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage: correction with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass in 62 cases J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1966;51:88.[Medline]
- Cooley DA, Ochsner Jr A. Correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage Surgery 1957;42:1014.[Medline]
- Davignon A: Cure du retour veineux anormal total du nourisson: point de vue du médicin. Presented at Journées de cardiologie pédiatrique, Chateau de Seillac, October 7, 1972.
- de Leval M, Stark J, Waterston DJ. Mixed type of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage Ann Thorac Surg 1973;16:464.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Dillard DH, Mohri H, Hessel II EA, et al. Correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in infancy utilizing deep hypothermia with total circulatory arrest Circulation 1967;35(Suppl 1):10536:.
- Drew CE, Anderson IM. Profound hypothermia in cardiac surgery Lancet 1959;1:748.[Medline]
- Friedli B, Davignon A, Stanley P. Infradiaphrag-matic anomalous pulmonary venous return J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1971;62:301.[Medline]
- Gathman GE, Nadas AS. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: clinical and physiologic observations of 75 pediatric patients Circulation 1970;42:143.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Gersony WM, Bowman Jr FO, Steeg CN, et al. Management of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in early infancy Circulation 1971;43(Suppl 1):1944:.
- Gomes MMR, Feldt RH, McGoon DC, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: surgical considerations and results of operation J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1970;60:116.[Medline]
- Gomes MMR, Feldt RH, McGoon DC, et al. Long term results following correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1971;61:253.
- Jegier W, Charrette E, Dobell ARC. Infradia-phragmatic anomalous pulmonary venous drainage Circulation 1967;35:396.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Kirklin JW. Corrective surgical treatment of cyanotic congenital heart diseaseIn: Bass AD, Moe GK, editors. Congenital Heart Disease. Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science; 1960. pp. 329.
- Kirklin JW. Surgical treatment of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in infancyIn: Barratt-Boyes BG, Neutze JM, Harris EA, editors. Heart Disease in Infancy, Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment. Edinburgh and London: Churchill/Livingstone; 1973. pp. 89.
- Kirklin JW, Dawson B, Devloo RA, et al. Open intracardiac operations: use of circulatory arrest during hypothermia induced by blood cooling Ann Surg 1961;154:769.[Medline]
- Klint R, Weldon C, Hartmann Jr A, et al. Mixed-type total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1972;63:164.[Medline]
- Mathew R, Thilenius OG, Replogle RL, et al. Cardiac function in total anomalous pulmonary venous return before and after surgery Circulation 1977;55:361.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Muller WH. The surgical treatment of transposition of the pulmonary veins Ann Surg 1951;134:683.[Medline]
- Mullins CE, El-Said GM, Neches WH, et al. Balloon atrial septostomy for total anomalous pulmonary venous return Br Heart J 1973;35:752.[Free Full Text]
- Mustard WT, Keon WJ, Trusler GA. Transposition of the lesser veins (total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage) Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1968;11:145.
- Nelson RL, Goldstein SM, McConnell DH, et al. Improved myocardial performance after aortic cross clamping by combining pharmacologic arrest with topical hypothermia Circulation 1976;54(Suppl 3):11.
- Okamoto Y. Clinical studies for open heart surgery in infants with profound hypothermia Arch Jpn Chir 1969;38:188.
- Parr GVS, Kirklin JW, Pacifico AD, et al. Cardiac performance in infants after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection Ann Thorac Surg 1974;17:561.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Roe BB. Posterior approach to correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous return J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1970;59:748.[Medline]
- Serratto M, Bucheleres HG, Bicott P, et al. Palliative balloon atrial septostomy for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in infancy J Pediatr 1968;73:734.[Medline]
- Shumacker Jr HB, King H. A modified procedure for complete repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage Surg Gynecol Obstet 1961;112:763.
- Suga M. Importance of atrial compliance in cardiac performance Circ Res 1974;35:39.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Trusler GA, Bull RC, Hoeksema T, et al. The effect on cardiac output of a reduction in atrial volume J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1963;46:109.[Medline]
- Tucker BL, Lindesmith GG, Stiles QR, et al. The superior approach for correction of the supracardiac type of total anomalous pulmonary venous return Ann Thorac Surg 1976;22:374.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Williams GR, Richardson WR, Campbell GS. Repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in infancy J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1964;47:199.[Medline]
- Wukasch DC, Deutsch M, Reul GJ, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous return Ann Thorac Surg 1975;19:622.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
This article has been cited by other articles:

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. P. Hote, S. Garg, M. Choudhury, and M. G. Raghu
Open vertical vein in non-obstructed supracardiac TAPVC: merits and fate
Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals,
April 1, 2012;
20(2):
114 - 119.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. Caspi, T. W. Pettitt, E. E. Fontenot, A. R. Stopa, H. A. Heck, N. A. Munfakh, T. B. Ferguson, and L. H. Harrison
The beneficial hemodynamic effects of selective patent vertical vein following repair of obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in infants
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg,
October 1, 2001;
20(4):
830 - 834.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. T. Cope, D. Banks, N. L. McDaniel, K. S. Shockey, S. P. Nolan, and I. L. Kron
Is Vertical Vein Ligation Necessary in Repair of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection?
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
July 1, 1997;
64(1):
23 - 28.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. A. M. van Son, G. K. Danielson, F. J. Puga, W. D. Edwards, and D. J. Driscoll
Repair of congenital and acquired pulmonary vein stenosis
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
July 1, 1995;
60(1):
144 - 150.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Cobanoglu and V. D. Menashe
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in neonates and young infants: Repair in the current era
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
January 1, 1993;
55(1):
43 - 49.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. J. Phillips, C. Kongtahworn, R. H. Zeff, J. R. Skinner, B. Chandramouli, and J. H. Gay
Correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection below the diaphragm
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
May 1, 1990;
49(5):
734 - 739.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Corno, A. Giamberti, A. Carotti, S. Giannico, B. Marino, and C. Marcelletti
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: Surgical repair with a double-patch technique
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
March 1, 1990;
49(3):
492 - 494.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. D. Donato, D. d. Carlo, C. Squitieri, E. Rossi, A. Ammirati, B. Marino, and C. Marcelletti
Palliation of Cardiac Malformations Associated with Right Isomerism (Asplenia Syndrome) in Infancy
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
July 1, 1987;
44(1):
35 - 39.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H.- J. Schafers, I. Luhmer, and H. Oelert
Pulmonary Venous Obstruction Following Repair of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
April 1, 1987;
43(4):
432 - 434.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. Y. DeLeon, S. S. Gidding, M. N. Ilbawi, F. S. Idriss, A. J. Muster, R. B. Cole, and M. H. Paul
Surgical Management of Infants with Complex Cardiac Anomalies Associated with Reduced Pulmonary Blood Flow and Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
February 1, 1987;
43(2):
207 - 211.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Yamaguchi, M. Imai, H. Ohashi, Y. Hosokawa, H. Tachibana, and H. Ito
Enhanced Myocardial Protection by Systemic Deep Hypothermia in Children Undergoing Total Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
June 1, 1986;
41(6):
639 - 646.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
H. Oelert, H.-J. Schafers, T. Stegmann, H.-C. Kallfelz, and H. G. Borst
Complete Correction of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage: Experience with 53 Patients
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
April 1, 1986;
41(4):
392 - 394.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. A. Hawkins, E. B. Clark, and D. B. Doty
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
November 1, 1983;
36(5):
548 - 560.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. Marcelletti, R. D. Donato, A. Nijveld, C. Squitieri, A. H. Bulterijs, M. Naeff, J. Schuller, and A. E. Becker
Right and Left Isomerism: The Cardiac Surgeon's View
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
April 1, 1983;
35(4):
400 - 405.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
E. L. Bove, M. R. de Leval, J. F. N. Taylor, F. J. Macartney, R. J. Szarnicki, and J. Stark
Infradiaphragmatic Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage: Surgical Treatment and Long-Term Results
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
June 1, 1981;
31(6):
544 - 550.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
W. H. Fleming, E. B. Clark, K. J. Dooley, P. J. Hofschire, R. N. Ruckman, A. R. Hopeman, L. Sarafian, and P. K. Mooring
Late Complications Following Surgical Repair of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return below the Diaphragm
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
May 1, 1979;
27(5):
435 - 439.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|