Ann Thorac Surg 2005;80:1560-1561
© 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
Key references
Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma and Ground Glass Opacities
Nasser K. Altorki, MD
*
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York
* Address reprint requests to Dr Altorki, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, 525 East 68th St, Suite M404, New York, NY 10021 (Email: nkaltork{at}med.cornell.edu).
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Epidemiology and Natural History
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- 1 Read WL, Page NC, Tierney RM, Piccirillo JF, Govindan R. The epidemiology of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma over the past two decades: analysis of the SEER database. Lung Cancer 2004;45:137-42.
- 2 Aoki T, Nakata H, Watanabe H, et al. Evolution of peripheral lung adenocarcinomas: CT findings correlated with histology and tumor doubling time. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000;174:763-8.
- 3 Kodama K, Higashiyama M, Yokouchi H, et al. Natural history of pure ground-glass opacity after long-term follow-up of more than 2 years. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;73:386-92; discussion 92-3.
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Molecular Biology
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- 4 Koga T, Hashimoto S, Sugio K, et al. Clinicopathological and molecular evidence indicating the independence of bronchioloalveolar components from other subtypes of human peripheral lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2001;7:1730-8.
- 5 Kitamura H, Kameda Y, Nakamura N, et al. Proliferative potential and p53 overexpression in precursor and early stage lesions of bronchioloalveolar lung carcinoma. Am J Pathol 1995;146:876-87.
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Pathology
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- 6 Sakurai H, Maeshima A, Watanabe S, et al. Grade of stromal invasion in small adenocarcinoma of the lung: histopathological minimal invasion and prognosis. Am J Surg Pathol 2004;28:198-206.
- 7 Noguchi M, Morikawa A, Kawasaki M, et al. Small adenocarcinoma of the lung. Histologic characteristics and prognosis. Cancer 1995;75:2844-52.
- 8 Maeshima AM, Niki T, Maeshima A, Yamada T, Kondo H, Matsuno Y. Modified scar grade: a prognostic indicator in small peripheral lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer 2002;95:2546-54.
- 9 Vazquez MF, Flieder DB. Small peripheral glandular lesions detected by screening CT for lung cancer. A diagnostic dilemma for the pathologist. Radiol Clin North Am 2000;38:579-89.
- 10 Zaman SS, van Hoeven KH, Slott S and Gupta PK. Distinction between bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and hyperplastic pulmonary proliferations: a cytologic and morphometric analysis. Diagn Cytopathol 1997;16:396-401.
- 11 Morishita Y, Fukasawa M, Takeuchi M, Inadome Y, Matsuno Y, Noguchi M. Small-sized adenocarcinoma of the lung. Cytologic characteristics and clinical behavior. Cancer 2001;93:124-31.
- 12 Nakahara R, Yokose T, Nagai K, Nishiwaki Y, Ochiai A. Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the lung: a clinicopathological study of 118 cases including cases with multiple atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. Thorax 2001;56:302-5.
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Diagnosis
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- 13 Okada M, Nishio W, Sakamoto T, et al. Correlation between computed tomographic findings, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma component, and biologic behavior of small-sized lung adenocarcinomas. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004;127:857-61.
- 14 Kodama K, Higashiyama M, Yokouchi H, et al. Prognostic value of ground-glass opacity found in small lung adenocarcinoma on high-resolution CT scanning. Lung Cancer 2001;33:17-25.
- 15 Nakata M, Saeki H, Takata I, et al. Focal ground-glass opacity detected by low-dose helical CT. Chest 2002;121:1464-7.
- 16 Heyneman LE, Patz EF. PET imaging in patients with bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma. Lung Cancer 2002;38:261-6.
- 17 Matsuguma H, Nakahara R, Anraku M, et al. Objective definition and measurement method of ground-glass opacity for planning limited resection in patients with clinical stage IA adenocarcinoma of the lung. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2004;25:1102-6.
- 18 Yap CS, Schiepers C, Fishbein MC, Phelps ME, Czernin J. FDG-PET imaging in lung cancer: how sensitive is it for bronchioloalveolar carcinoma? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2002;29:1166-73.
- 19 Ohde Y, Nagai K, Yoshida J, et al. The proportion of consolidation to ground-glass opacity on high resolution CT is a good predictor for distinguishing the population of non-invasive peripheral adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer 2003;42:303-10.
- 20 Austin JH, Muller NL, Friedman PJ, et al. Glossary of terms for CT of the lungs: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee of the Fleischner Society. Radiology 1996;200:327-31.
- 21 Matsuguma H, Yokoi K, Anraku M, et al. Proportion of ground-glass opacity on high-resolution computed tomography in clinical T1 N0 M0 adenocarcinoma of the lung: a predictor of lymph node metastasis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2002;124:278-84.
- 22 Nomori H, Ohtsuka T, Naruke T, Suemasu K. Histogram analysis of computed tomography numbers of clinical T1 N0 M0 lung adenocarcinoma, with special reference to lymph node metastasis and tumor invasiveness. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2003;126:1584-9.
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Surgical Treatment
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- 23 Breathnach OS, Ishibe N, Williams J, Linnoila RI, Caporaso N, Johnson BE. Clinical features of patients with stage IIIB and IV bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of the lung. Cancer 1999;86:1165-73.
- 24 Breathnach OS, Kwiatkowski DJ, Finkelstein DM, et al. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of the lung: recurrences and survival in patients with stage I disease. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001;121:42-7.
- 25 Roberts PF, Straznicka M, Lara PN, et al. Resection of multifocal non-small cell lung cancer when the bronchioloalveolar subtype is involved. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2003;126:1597-602.
- 26 Ebright MI, Zakowski MF, Martin J, et al. Clinical pattern and pathologic stage but not histologic features predict outcome for bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;74:1640-6; discussion 6-7.
- 27 Rena O, Papalia E, Ruffini E, et al. Stage I pure bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: recurrences, survival and comparison with adenocarcinoma of the lung. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2003;23:409-14.
- 28 Higashiyama M, Kodama K, Yokouchi H, et al. Prognostic value of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma component of small lung adenocarcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg 1999;68:2069-73.
- 29 Grover FL, Piantadosi S. Recurrence and survival following resection of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of the lung—The Lung Cancer Study Group experience. Ann Surg 1989;209:779-90.
- 30 Okubo K, Mark EJ, Flieder D, et al. Bronchoalveolar carcinoma: clinical, radiologic, and pathologic factors and survival. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999;118:702-9.
- 31 Suzuki K, Asamura H, Kusumoto M, Kondo H, Tsuchiya R. "Early" peripheral lung cancer: prognostic significance of ground glass opacity on thin-section computed tomographic scan. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;74:1635-9.
- 32 Kondo D, Yamada K, Kitayama Y, Hoshi S. Peripheral lung adenocarcinomas: 10 mm or less in diameter. Ann Thorac Surg 2003;76:350-5.
- 33 Ikeda N, Maeda J, Yashima K, et al. A clinicopathological study of resected adenocarcinoma 2 cm or less in diameter. Ann Thorac Surg 2004;78:1011-6.
- 34 Suzuki K, Yokose T, Yoshida J, et al. Prognostic significance of the size of central fibrosis in peripheral adenocarcinoma of the lung. Ann Thorac Surg 2000;69:893-7.
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Limited Resection
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- 35 Watanabe S, Watanabe T, Arai K, Kasai T, Haratake J, Urayama H. Results of wedge resection for focal bronchioloalveolar carcinoma showing pure ground-glass attenuation on computed tomography. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;73:1071-5.
- 36 Yamato Y, Tsuchida M, Watanabe T, et al. Early results of a prospective study of limited resection for bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma of the lung. Ann Thorac Surg 2001;71:971-4.
- 37 Nakata M, Sawada S, Saeki H, et al. Prospective study of thoracoscopic limited resection for ground-glass opacity selected by computed tomography. Ann Thorac Surg 2003;75:1601-5; discussion 5-6.
- 38 Nakamura H, Saji H, Ogata A, Saijo T, Okada S, Kato H. Lung cancer patients showing pure ground-glass opacity on computed tomography are good candidates for wedge resection. Lung Cancer 2004;44:61-8.
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Transplantation
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- 39 Zorn GL Jr, McGiffin DC, Young KR Jr, Alexander CB, Weill D, Kirklin JK. Pulmonary transplantation for advanced bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2003;125:45-8.
- 40 Paloyan EB, Swinnen LJ, Montoya A, Lonchyna V, Sullivan HJ, Garrity E. Lung transplantation for advanced bronchioloalveolar carcinoma confined to the lungs. Transplantation 2000;69:2446-8.
- 41 Garver RI Jr, Zorn GL, Wu X, McGiffin DC, Young KR Jr, Pinkard NB. Recurrence of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma in transplanted lungs. N Engl J Med 1999;340:1071-4.
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Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy
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- 42 Feldman ER, Eagan RT, Schaid DJ. Metastatic bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung: comparison of clinical manifestations, chemotherapeutic responses, and prognosis. Mayo Clin Proc 1992;67:27-32.
- 43 Vance RB, Crowley JC, Gandara DR. Phase II evaluation of paclitaxel by 96-h infusion in stage IIIb and IV bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Presented at: Ninth World Conference on Lung Cancer; September 11-15, 2000; Tokyo, Japan.
- 44 Miller VA, Kris MG, Shah N, et al. Bronchioloalveolar pathologic subtype and smoking history predict sensitivity to gefitinib in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2004;22:1103-9.
- 45 DeGrendele H. Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, gefitinib and erlotinib (Tarceva, OSI-774), in the treatment of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Clin Lung Cancer 2003;5:83-5.
- 46 Gandara DR, West H, Chansky K, et al. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: a model for investigating the biology of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10:4205s-9s.
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Epidemiology and Natural History
Molecular Biology