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Ann Thorac Surg 2001;72:2176-2177
© 2001 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
a Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Penn State Children’s Hospital, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
* Address reprint requests to Dr Myers, Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, MC H085, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
e-mail: jlmyers{at}psu.edu
Texts
1. Jaggers J., Shearer I.R., Ungerleider R.M. Cardiopulmonary bypass in infants and children. In: Gravlee G., ed. Cardiopulmonary bypass: principals and practice. New York: Lippencott, Williams and Wilkins, 2000.
2. Gaynor J.W., Kern F.H., Greeley W.J., et al. Management of cardiopulmonary bypass in infants and children. In: Baue A.E., Geha A.S., Laks H., et al. , eds. Glenn’s thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Stamford, CT: Appleton & Lange, 1996.
3. McGiffen D.C., Kirklin J.K. Cardiopulmonary bypass, deep hypothermia, and total circulatory arrest. In: Mavroudis C., Backer C.L., eds. Pediatric cardiac surgery. St Louis, MO: CV Mosby, 1994.
General
4. Grossi E.A., Kallenbach K., Chau S., et al. Impact of heparin bonding on pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass: a prospective randomized study. Ann Thorac Surg 2000;70:191-196.
5. Berryessa R., Wiencek R., Jacobson J., et al. Vacuum-assisted venous return in pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. Perfusion 2000;15:62-67.
6. Ozawa T., Yoshihara K., Koyama N., et al. Clinical efficacy of heparin-bonded bypass circuits related to cytokine responses in children. Ann Thorac Surg 2000;69:584-590.
7. Williams G.D., Bratton S.L., Riley E.C., et al. Coagulation tests during cardiopulmonary bypass correlate with blood loss in children undergoing cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999;13:398-404.
8. Horton S.B., Butt W.W., Mullaly R.J., et al. IL-6, and IL-8 levels after cardiopulmonary bypass are not affected by surface coating. Ann Thorac Surg 1999;68:1751-1755.
9. Koner O., Tekin S., Koner A., et al. Effects of phentolamine on tissue perfusion in pediatric cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1999;13:191-197.[Medline]
10. Williams G.D., Brattin S.L., Reiley E.C., Ramamoorthy C. Efficacy of pesilon-aminocaprioc acid in children undergoing cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1999;13:304-308.[Medline]
11. Bailey J.M., Miller B.E., Lu W., et al. The pharmacokinetics of milrinone in pediatric patients after cardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 1999;90:1012-1018.[Medline]
12. Schreurs H.H., Wijers M.J., Gu Y.J., et al. Heparin-coated bypass circuits: effects on inflammatory response in pediatric cardiac operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1998;66:166-171.
13. Kirkham F.J. Recognition and prevention of neurological complications in pediatric cardiac surgery. Pediatr Cardiol 1998;19:331-345.[Medline]
14. Ramamoorthy C., Anderson G.D., Williams G.D., Lynn A.M. Pharmacokinetics and side effects of milrinone in infants and children after open heart surgery. Anesth Analg 1998;86:2839.
15. Chow G., Roberts I.G., Edwards A.D., et al. The relationship between pump flow rate and pulsatility on cerebral hemodynamics during pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1997;114:568-577.
16. Reid R.W., Zimmerman A.A., Laussen P.C., et al. The efficacy of tranexamic acid versus placebo in decreasing blood loss in pediatric patients undergoing repeat cardiac surgery. Anesth Analg 1997;84:990-996.[Abstract]
17. Shimpo H., Mizumoto T., Onoda K., et al. Erythropoietin in pediatric cardiology surgery; clinical efficacy and effective dose. Chest 1997;111:1565-1570.
18. Aouifi A., Neidecker J., Vedrinne C., et al. Glucose versus lactated ringers solution during pediatric cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1997;11:411-414.[Medline]
19. Guay J., Rivard G.E. Mediastinal bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric patients. Ann Thorac Surg 1996;62:1955-1960.
20. Groom R.C., Akl B.F., Albus R., Lefrak E.A. Pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass: a review of current practice. Int Anesth Clin 1996;34:141-163.[Medline]
21. Butler J., Pathi V.L., Paton R.D., et al. Acute-phase responses to cardiopulmonary bypass in children weighing less than 10 kilograms. Ann Thorac Surg 1996;62:538-542.
22. Finn A., Naik S., Klien N., et al. Interleukin-8 release, and neutrophil degranulation after pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1993;105:234-241.[Abstract]
23. Bell C., Hughes C.W., Oh T.H., et al. The effect of intravenous dextrose infusion on postbypass hyperglycemia in pediatric patients undergoing operations. J Clin Anesth 1993;5:381-385.[Medline]
24. Kern F.H., Ungerleider R.M., Reves J.G., et al. Effect of altering pump flow rate on cerebral blood flow and metabolism in infants and children. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;56:1366-1372.[Abstract]
25. Reynolds L.M., Nicolson S.C., Jobes D.R., et al. Desmopressin does not decrease bleeding after cardiac operations in young children. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1993;106:954-958.[Abstract]
26. Drinkwater D.C., Laks H. Pediatric cardioplegic techniques. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1993;5:168-175.[Medline]
27. Casey W.F., Hauser G.H., Hannallah R.S., et al. Circulating endotoxin and tumor necrosis factor during pediatric cardiac surgery. Crit Care Med 1992;20:1090-1096.[Medline]
28. Kern F.H., Jones R.A., Mayer J.E., Jr, et al. Temperature monitoring during CPB in infants: does it predict efficient brain cooling?. Ann Thorac Surg 1992;54:749-754.[Abstract]
29. Elliot M.J. Perfusion for pediatric open heart surgery. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1990;2:332-340.[Medline]
30. Greeley W.J., Ungerleider R.M., Kern F.H., et al. Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on cerebral blood flow in neonates, infants and children. Circulation 1989;80:1209-1215.
31. Larach D.R., High K.M., Derr J.A., et al. Carbon dioxide elimination during total cardiopulmonary bypass in infants and children. Anesthesiology 1988;69:185-191.[Medline]
32. Tennenberg S.D., Bailey W.W., Cotta L.A., et al. The effects of methylprednisolone on complement-medicated neutrophil activation during cardiopulmonary bypass. Surgery 1986;100:134-142.[Medline]
Ultrafiltration
33. Keegan H.T., Thiagarajan R., Stephens K.E., et al. Pulmonary function after modified venovenous ultrafiltration in infants: a prospective, randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000;119:501-505.
34. Portela F.A., Penbsado A., Sanchez A., et al. A simple technique to perform combined ultrafiltration. Ann Thorac Surg 1999;67:859-861.
35. Wantabe T., Sakai Y., Mayumi T., et al. Effect of ultrafiltration during cardiopulmonary bypass for pediatric cardiac surgery. Artif Organs 1998;22:1025-1055.
36. Ramamoorthy C., Lynn A.M. Con: the use of modified ultrafiltration during pediatric cardiovascular surgery is not a benefit. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1998;12:483-485.[Medline]
37. Montenegro L.M., Greeley W.J. Pro: the use of modified ultrafiltration during pediatric cardiovascular surgery is a benefit. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1998;12:480-482.[Medline]
38. Wang W., Huang H.M., Zhu D.M., et al. Modified ultrafiltration in pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. Perfusion 1998;13:304-310.
39. Bando K., Turrentine M.W., Vijay P., et al. Effect of modified ultrafiltration in high-risk patients undergoing operations for congenital heart disease. Ann Thorac Surg 1998;66:821-827.
40. Ungerleider R.M. Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass and the use of modified ultrafiltration. Ann Thorac Surg 1998;65:S35-S38.
41. Darling E., Nanry K., Shearer I., et al. Techniques of pediatric modified ultrafiltration: 1996 survey results. Perfusion 1998;13:93-103.
42. Draaisma A.M., Hazekamp M.G., Frank M., et al. Modified ultrafiltration after cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 1997;64:521-525.
43. Williams G.D., Ramamoorthy C., Totzek F.R., et al. Comparison of the effects of red cell separation and ultrafiltration on heparin concentration during pediatric cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1997;11:840-844.[Medline]
44. Friesen R.H., Campbell D.N., Clarke D.R., et al. Modified ultrafiltration attenuates dilutional coagulopathy in pediatric open heart operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1997;64:1787-1789.
45. Wang M.J., Chiu I.S., Hsu C.M. Efficacy of ultrafiltration in removing inflammatory mediators during pediatric cardiac operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1996;61:651-656.
46. Groom R.C., Akl B.F., Albus R.A., et al. Alternative method of ultrafiltration after cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg 1994;58:573-574.[Abstract]
47. Jounnois D., Pouard P., Greeley W.J., et al. Hemofiltration during cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery. Effects on hemostasis, cytokines, and complement components. Anesthesiology 1994;81:1181-1189.[Medline]
48. Freisen R.H., Tornabene M.A., Coleman S.P. Blood conservation during pediatric cardiac surgery: ultrafiltration of the extracorporeal circuit volume after cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg 1993;77:702-707.
49. Millar A.B., Armstrong L., Van Der Leinden J., et al. Cytokine production and hemofiltration in children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;56:1499-1502.[Abstract]
50. Elliot M.J. Ultrafiltration and modified ultrafiltration in pediatric open heart operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;56:1518-1522.[Abstract]
51. Naik S.K., Knight A., Elliott M. A prospective randomized study of a modified technique of ultrafiltration during pediatric open-heart surgery. Circulation 1991;84:III422-III431.
Circulatory arrest
52. Jonas R.A. Hypothermia, circulatory arrest, and the pediatric brain. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1996;10:66-74.[Medline]
53. Kurth C.D., Steven J.M., Nicolson S.C. Cerebral oxygenation during pediatric cardiac surgery using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Anesthesiology 1995;82:74-82.[Medline]
54. Jonassen A.E., Quaegebeur J.M., Young W.L. Cerebral blood flow velocity in pediatric patients is reduced after cardiopulmonary bypass with profound hypothermia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1995;110:934-943.
55. Bellinger D.C., Jonas R.A., Rappaport L.A., et al. Developmental and neurological status of children after heart surgery with hypothermic circulatory arrest or low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass. N Engl J Med 1995;332:549-555.
56. Newberger J.W., Jonas R.A., Wernovsky G., et al. Comparison of the perioperative neurological effects of hypothermic circulatory arrest versus low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass in infant heart surgery. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1057-1064.
57. Val Der Leinden J., Astudillo R., Ekroth R., et al. Cerebral lactate release after circulatory arrest but not after low flow in pediatric heart operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;56:1485-1489.[Abstract]
58. Astudillo R., Van der Leinden J., Ekroth R., et al. Absent cerebral blood flow velocity after circulatory arrest but not after low flow in infants. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;56:515-519.[Abstract]
59. Kern F.H., Underleider R.M., Quill T.J., et al. Cerebral blood flow response to changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in children. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1991;101:618-622.[Abstract]
60. Greeley W.J., Bracey V.A., Ungerleider R.M., et al. Recovery of cerebral metabolism and mitochondrial oxidation state after hypothermic circulatory arrest. Circulation 1991;84(5 Suppl):III400-III406.
61. Greeley W.J., Ungerleider R.M., Smith L.R., et al. The effects of deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and total circulatory arrest on cerebral blood flow in infants and children. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1989;97:737-745.[Abstract]
62. Egerton N., Egerton W.S., Kay J.H. Neurological changes following profound hypothermia. Ann Surg 1962;157:366-373.
Aprotinin
63. Wipperman C.F., Schmid F.X., Eberle B., et al. Reduced inotropic support after aprotinin therapy during pediatric cardiac operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1999;67:173-176.
64. Carrel T.P., Schwanda M., Vogt P.R., Turina M.I. Aprotinin in pediatric cardiac operations: a benefit in complex malformations and with high-dose regimen only. Ann Thorac Surg 1998;66:153-158.
65. Mossinger H., Dietrich W. Activation of hemostasis during cardiopulmonary bypass and pediatric aprotinin dosage. Ann Thorac Surg 1998;65:S45-S50.
66. Miller B.E., Tosone S.R., Tam V.K., et al. Hematologic and economic impact of aprotinin in reoperative pediatric cardiac operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1998;66:535-540.
67. Davies M.J., Allen A., Kort H., et al. Prospective, randomized, double-blind study of high-dose aprotinin in pediatric cardiac operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1997;63:497-503.
68. Boldt J., Knothe C., Zickmann B., et al. Aprotinin in pediatric cardiac operations: platelet function, blood loss and use of homologous blood. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;55:1460-1466.[Abstract]
69. Dietrich W., Mossinger H., Spannagl M., et al. Hemostatic activation during cardiopulmonary bypass with different aprotinin dosages in pediatric patients having cardiac operations. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1993;105:712-720.[Abstract]
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