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Original Articles: Adult Cardiac

Invited Commentary

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University and VA Palo Alto HCS, Falk Cardiovascular Research Center, 300 Pasteur Dr, Stanford, CA 94305-5247

(Email: jfann@stanford.edu).

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

With advances in cardiac imaging modalities, such as multi-detector computed tomography, magnetic resonance with parallel imaging, and three-dimensional (3-D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), the possibility arises for more comprehensive understanding and insights regarding congenital and acquired heart diseases, surgical planning, and development and deployment of novel therapeutic technologies. Current echocardiography with Doppler accurately assesses valvular lesions, pressure gradients, intracardiac pressures, regurgitant volumes, and chamber volumes. In this study, Ender and colleagues demonstrated good correlation between annuloplasty sizing using virtual templates from augmented reality enhanced 3-D TEE superimposed on the preoperative reconstructions and . . . [Full Text of this Article]