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Ann Thorac Surg 2006;82:1088-1089
© 2006 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

New technology

Invited commentary

Charles Hoopes, MD

Surgery/Transplantation, University of California San Francisco, 350 Parnassus Ave, Suite 150, San Francisco, CA 94143

(Email: hoopesc@surgery.ucsf.edu).

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

Physical stress kills cells at low temperatures. Nonetheless, "cooling" has a long history in both cardiac surgery and transplantation as a mechanism for tissue preservation in the context of lowered metabolic demand. However, there are limits to low temperature preservation. In general, freezing of living tissues results in intracellular ice formation and osmotic contraction (ie, thawing or reperfusion results in osmotic reexpansion with cell lysis and death). Vertebrate species in winter subzero temperatures have solved this physiological conundrum by the accumulation of permeable osmolytes, or cryoprotectants, which depress the equilibrium freezing point and reduce cell dehydration, thereby limiting osmotic contraction and mechanical injury to cell . . . [Full Text of this Article]






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