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Ann Thorac Surg 2002;73:339-340
© 2002 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Review

Invited commentary

^a St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA 19134, USA

	Introduction

 
Two decades ago, a number of innovative surgeons attempted a variety of palliative operations with the shared goal of stabilizing the fragile circulation of neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. In that early surgical experience, postoperative survival was a rare event. The approach advocated in the early 1980s by Norwood was unique not only with respect to the achievement of intermediate survival, but because the initial palliative surgery was planned and executed in the context of the very specific and ambitious goal of eventually accomplishing a modification of . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2002 73: 331-339. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]