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a Department of Heart and Vascular Services, St. John's Mercy Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri
b Department of Radiology, St. John's Mercy Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri
c Department of Pediatrics, St. John's Mercy Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri
d Department of Surgery, SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri
* Address correspondence to Dr Savage, St. John's Mercy Heart Hospital, 625 S New Ballas Rd, Suite R7040, St. Louis, MO 63141 (Email: ebsavage99-3@yahoo.com).
In the 1960s, heroic repairs of the heart were accomplished. However, there was not a noninvasive method to confirm the correct repair. A young girl was diagnosed with a primum atrial septal defect. Repair was performed through a right thoracotomy, baffling the right pulmonary venous return through an absent atrial septum. At age 46, she presented with atrial fibrillation. The transesophageal echocardiogram demonstrated an enlarged
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