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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Personal Folders Download to citation manager Author home page(s): Kathleen N. Fenton Permission Requests Google Scholar Articles by Fenton, K. N. PubMed Articles by Fenton, K. N. Related Collections Cardiac - physiology Extracorporeal circulation Related Article

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Original Articles: Pediatric Cardiac

Invited Commentary

International Children's Heart Foundation, Hospital Infantil Manuel de Jesus Rivera, Managua, Nicaragua

(Email: kathleennf@msn.com).

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

The earliest attempts to perform fetal cardiac bypass were met with two main problems: (1) size-related difficulties with venous drainage and (2) death from respiratory insufficiency (ie, placental dysfunction) after bypass. The placental dysfunction was subsequently found to be due to a vasoconstrictive response, which appears to be multifactorial, but a large contributor seems to be a previously ill-defined fetal "stress response."

Lam and colleagues [1] studied the hemodynamic and stress-hormone (ie, vasopressin, cortisol, and beta-endorphin) responses to fetal surgery and . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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Fetal Stress Response to Fetal Cardiac Surgery

Christopher T. Lam, Samar Sharma, R. Scott Baker, Jerri Hilshorst, John Lombardi, Kenneth E. Clark, and Pirooz Eghtesady
Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2008 85: 1719-1727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]