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Ann Thorac Surg 2001;72:1195-1201
© 2001 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
a Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
b Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Accepted for publication May 29, 2001.
Address reprint requests to Dr Baumgartner, Blalock 618-Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287-4618
e-mail: wbaumgar{at}csurg.jhmi.jhu.edu
Background. Stroke remains a devastating complication of cardiac surgery, but stroke prevention remains elusive. Evaluation of early and long-term clinical outcomes and brain-imaging findings may provide insight into stroke prognosis, etiology, and prevention.
Methods. Five thousand nine hundred seventy-one cardiac surgery patients were prospectively studied for clinical evidence of stroke. Stroke and nonstroke patients were compared by early outcomes. Data collected for stroke patients included brain imaging results, long-term functional status, and survival. Outcome predictors were then determined.
Results. Stroke was diagnosed in 214 (3.6%) patients. Brain imaging demonstrated acute infarction in 72%; embolic in 83%, and watershed in 24%. Survival for stroke patients was 67% at 1 year and 47% at 5 years. Independent predictors of survival were cerebral infarct type, creatinine elevation, cardiopulmonary bypass time, preoperative intensive care days, postoperative awakening time, and postoperative intensive care days. Long-term disability was moderate to severe in 69%.
Conclusions. Stroke after cardiac surgery has profound repercussions that are independently related to infarct type and clinical factors. These data are essential for clinical decision making and prognosis determination.
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Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2001 72: 1201-1202.
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