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Ann Thorac Surg 2007;84:612-618
© 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Original Articles: Cardiovascular

What is the Optimal Management of Infants With Coarctation and Ventricular Septal Defect?

^a Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
^b Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta at Egleston, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia

Accepted for publication March 7, 2007.

^_* Address correspondence to Dr Kanter, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 (Email: kkanter{at}emory.edu).

Presented at the Fifty-third Annual Meeting of the Southern Thoracic Surgical Association, Tucson, AZ, Nov 8–11, 2006.

Background: The management of patients with aortic coarctation and ventricular septal defect (VSD) remains controversial. We reviewed our experience with coarctation and VSD from 2002 to 2006.

Methods: Three approaches were used to manage 36 consecutive infants with coarctation and VSD. Group I had staged coarctation repair with or without pulmonary artery banding, followed by VSD closure with two separate operations (two-stage, n = 11); Group II had coarctation repair and VSD closure on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with circulatory arrest or regional perfusion during coarctation repair (one-stage, one-incision, n = 10); Group III had coarctation repair without CPB through a thoracotomy, followed by VSD closure during the same operation (one-stage, two-incisions, n = 15).

Results: No patients died. One recoarctation occurred in group II. Group II had significantly longer times for CPB (135.6 ± 31.8 versus 94.3 ± 29.8 minutes for group I; 67.6 ± 16.7 minutes for group III; p < 0.001) and combined regional perfusion/circulatory arrest (30.0 ± 17.0 versus 5.3 ± 11.9 minutes for group I, 1.1 ± 4.4 minutes for group III, p < 0.0001). Group III compared with group II had significantly shorter lengths of stay in the intensive care unit (119.5 ± 64.8 versus 220.8 ± 198.8 hours, p = 0.04) and hospital (8.4 ± 3.8 versus 24.4 ± 24.4 days, p = 0.01). Combining values for the two hospitalizations in the group I infants, lengths of stay in the intensive care unit (178.8 ± 70.8 hours) and hospital (20.5 ± 11.6 days) were intermediate between groups II and III.

Conclusions: Primary repair of infants with coarctation and VSD using a one-stage approach through separate incisions affords excellent clinical results. One can avoid prolonged aortic cross-clamping, CPB, and circulatory arrest/regional perfusion. Compared with the group undergoing combined coarctation and VSD repair simultaneously by sternotomy, total lengths of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital were significantly decreased.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Talwar, S. Kumar Choudhary, and B. Airan Single-stage versus 2-stage repair of coarctation of the aorta with ventricular septal defect. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., November 1, 2008; 136(5): 1390 - 1391. [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. L. Walters III, C. E. Ionan, R. L. Thomas, and R. E. Delius Single-stage versus 2-stage repair of coarctation of the aorta with ventricular septal defect. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., April 1, 2008; 135(4): 754 - 761. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]