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Ann Thorac Surg 2007;83:2087-2092
© 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Original Articles: Cardiovascular

The Topography of Aortic Atherosclerosis Enhances Its Precision as a Predictor of Stroke

Karolinska Institute, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Accepted for publication February 7, 2007.

^_* Address correspondence to Professor van der Linden, Karolinska Institute, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, S-171 76, Sweden (Email: janvan{at}ki.se).

Background: Atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta is an independent risk factor for stroke after cardiac surgery. No attention had so far been paid to its topography. The relationship between the topography of aortic atherosclerosis and stroke was studied in patients admitted for coronary surgery.

Methods: The extent and location of atherosclerosis in the ascending aorta and arch was assessed intraoperatively with epiaortic ultrasound and transesophageal echocardiography in 611 consecutive patients. They were followed for 5.5 ± 1.7 years (mean ± SE), amounting to 3,358 patient-years.

Results: The incidence of early postoperative (<30-day) stroke was 6.4% in patients with atherosclerosis of the ascending aorta and 1.5% in those without (p = 0.004). The five-year stroke-free survival rates (>30 days after the operation) for patients without aortic disease, with less than 50%, and with greater than 50% of the ascending aorta affected, were 95.3 ± 0.9%, 91.8 ± 2.1%, and 65.0 ± 14.6%, respectively (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: Atherosclerosis of the ascending aorta stands out as a predictor of late stroke. High risk is predominantly linked to atheromas in its distal part and lesser curvature.

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Invited commentary

Thomas V. Bilfinger
Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2007 83: 2092. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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