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Ann Thorac Surg 2007;83:456-461
© 2007 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Original Articles: Cardiovascular

Usefulness of Transcranial Motor Evoked Potentials During Thoracoabdominal Aortic Surgery

Yujiro Kawanishi, MD, Hiroshi Munakata, MD, Masamichi Matsumori, MD, Hiroshi Tanaka, MD, Teruo Yamashita, MD, Keitaro Nakagiri, MD, Kenji Okada, MD, Yutaka Okita, MD*

Division of Cardiovascular, Thoracic, and Pediatric Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan

Accepted for publication September 15, 2006.

* Address correspondence to Dr Okita, 7–5-2, Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe City, Hyogo, Japan (Email: yokita{at}med.kobe-u.ac.jp).

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of myogenic transcranial motor evoked potentials (tc-MEPs) for spinal cord ischemia in the repair of descending thoracic or thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms.

METHODS: Intraoperative tc-MEPs was used in 72 patients who underwent the repair of descending thoracic (n = 24) or thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (n = 49) classed as Crawford I in 10 patients, II in 12, III in 23, and IV in 3. There were 52 men and 20 women, and their mean age was 64.9 ± 12.8 years. Tc-MEPs were recorded by transcranial electrical stimulation and compound muscle action potentials.

RESULTS: The hospital mortality rate was 5.6% (n = 4), and the incidence of neurologic deficits was 11.1% (n = 8). All patients whose MEP amplitude recovered to more than 75% of the baseline showed normal spinal function, and 8 of 9 patients whose MEP amplitude decreased to below 75% of the baseline at the end of the procedure showed neurologic deficits postoperatively. The sensitivity of tc-MEPs was 100% and specificity was 98.4%. Latency in patients with postoperative paraplegia was 123% ± 9% and was significantly prolonged at the end of the procedure.

CONCLUSIONS: Tc-MEPs were very sensitive and specific to spinal cord ischemia with reduced amplitude and prolongation of the latency period. Tc-MEPs are considered a useful monitor of spinal cord ischemia during descending thoracic or thoracoabdominal aortic surgery.




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M. Hamaishi, K. Orihashi, S. Takahashi, M. Isaka, K. Okada, and T. Sueda
Transcranial motor-evoked potentials following intra-aortic cold blood infusion facilitates detection of critical supplying artery of spinal cord
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., April 1, 2008; 33(4): 695 - 699.
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