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Ann Thorac Surg 2006;81:125-131
© 2006 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Original article: Cardiovascular

Comparative Effects of Tolazoline and Nitroprusside on Human Isolated Radial Artery

Önder Teskin, MD ^a , B. Sönmez Uyde-Doan, PhD ^{b , _*} , Yavuz Enç, MD ^a , F. lkay Alp, BS ^b , Deniz Kaleli, BS ^b , Süheyla Keser, MD ^a , Taner yigün, MD ^a , Fuat Bilgen, MD ^a , Sabri Dasal, MD ^a , Osman Özdemir, PhD ^b

^a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
^b Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

Accepted for publication July 6, 2005.

^_* Address correspondence to Dr Uyde-Doan, Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Beyazt, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey (Email: sudogan{at}tr.net).

BACKGROUND: The radial artery is increasingly being used in coronary revascularization as an alternative conduit to a saphenous vein graft. Its perfect endothelial capacity provides a high patency rate comparable with the internal mammary artery (IMA). However, its spastic characteristics cause difficulties during its intraoperative preparation and may lead to early postoperative graft failure. Thus, treatment and/or prevention of radial artery spasm with an effective vasodilator agent is essential for its longevity. Endogenous vasoconstrictors, including noradrenaline, endothelin-1, and thromboxane A₂, are likely to play a role in the pathogenesis of graft spasm. In the present study, we evaluated the vasorelaxant effect of tolazoline, a nonselective alpha-adrenoceptor blocker, against the contractions induced by various spasmogenic agents in an isolated human radial artery.

METHODS: Tolazoline (10^–9–10^–4 M) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10^–9–10^–4 M) were cumulatively applied on radial artery rings precontracted submaximally with noradrenaline, endothelin-1, thromboxane analogue, U46619, or potassium chloride. In addition, some rings were pretreated with tolazoline (4 x 10^–6 M) for 30 minutes and the contractile response curve to noradrenaline was assessed in its presence.

RESULTS: Tolazoline effectively reversed noradrenaline-induced contractions in the radial artery, whereas it failed to produce remarkable relaxations on rings contracted with other spasmogenic agents, while SNP overcame the contractions induced by all spasmogens to a similar extent. In addition, brief pretreatment of radial artery rings with tolazoline significantly inhibited the contractions to noradrenaline.

CONCLUSIONS: Tolazoline is not as broadly effective as SNP against all spasmogens investigated; however, it may be effective in counteracting alpha-adrenoceptor-mediated vasospasm in human radial arteries.

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