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Ann Thorac Surg 2005;80:2180-2185
© 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Original article: Cardiovascular

Stentless Aortic Valves are Hemodynamically Superior to Stented Valves During Mid-Term Follow-Up: A Large Retrospective Study

Michael A. Borger, MD, PhD * , Susan M. Carson, AHT, Joan Ivanov, PhD, Vivek Rao, MD, PhD, Hugh E. Scully, MD, Christopher M. Feindel, MD, Tirone E. David, MD

Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Accepted for publication May 17, 2005.

* Address correspondence to Dr Borger, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Room 4N-451, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4 (Email: michael.borger{at}uhn.on.ca).

Presented at the Poster Session of the Forty-first Annual Meeting of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Tampa, FL, Jan 24–26, 2005.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have compared left venticular mass (LVM) regression and hemodynamic data for stentless versus stented aortic bioprostheses with conflicting results. The major limitations of these studies are their small sample size and short-term follow-up. We therefore compared midterm LVM regression, hemodynamic data, and survival in a large population of tissue aortic valve replacement (AVR) patients.

METHODS: All patients undergoing tissue AVR at our institution between 1998 and 2001 were included (n = 737). Patients were divided into two groups according to type of bioprosthetic implanted: stentless patients (total n = 310) (Toronto SPV [St Jude Medical, St Paul, MN], n = 146 and Freestyle [Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN], n = 164) and stented patients (total n=427) (Perimount [Edwards Life Sciences Inc, Irvine, CA], n = 291 and Mosaic [Medtronic], n = 136).

RESULTS: The two groups of patients had similar preoperative transvalvular gradients and LVM index (130 ± 47 vs 130 ± 42 g/m2 for stentless versus stented valves, respectively). Predischarge echos revealed that stentless patients had significantly lower mean transvalvular gradients (11 ± 5 vs 15 ± 6 mm Hg, p < 0.001) and larger effective orifice areas (1.32 ± 0.52 vs 1.22 ± 0.48 cm2, p = 0.01). Follow-up echocardiograms were obtained in 99% of surviving patients 28 ± 22 (range, 0–79) months postoperatively. Stentless patients had significantly lower LVM index during follow-up (100 ± 32 vs 107 ± 32 g/m2, p = 0.005) and stentless valves were an independent predictor of LVM regression. Furthermore, a higher proportion of stented patients had residual LV hypertrophy during follow-up (28% vs 18%, p = 0.001). Stentless valves were associated with improved midterm survival by univariate analysis, but not by multivariable analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: Midterm follow-up in a large number of patients reveals that stentless bioprostheses are hemodynamically superior to stented valves.




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