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Ann Thorac Surg 2003;76:1181-1189
© 2003 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
a Department of Cardiopulmonary Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
b Department of Cardiac Surgery, Policlinico S Orsola, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
c First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
* Address reprint requests to Dr Di Eusanio, Dipartimento di Cardiochirurgia, Ospedale Cardiologico "GM Lancisi," Via Baccarani 6, Ancona, 60122, Italy.
e-mail: m_dieus{at}hotmail.com
Presented at the Thirty-ninth Annual Meeting of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, San Diego, CA, Jan 31Feb 2, 2003.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the results of antegrade selective cerebral perfusion as a method of brain protection during surgery of the thoracic aorta and to determine predictors of hospital mortality and adverse neurologic outcome.
METHODS: Between October 1995 and March 2002, 588 patients underwent aortic surgery with the aid of antegrade selective cerebral perfusion. There were 334 men (56.8%); the mean age was 63.7 ± 11.8 years. One hundred sixty-two patients (27.6%) underwent urgent operation. The separated graft technique was employed to reimplant the arch vessels in 230 patients (65.3%) of the 352 requiring aortic arch replacement. Associated procedures were performed in 254 patients (43.2%). One hundred twelve patients underwent elephant trunk procedure. The mean cerebral perfusion time was 67 ± 37 minutes.
RESULTS: The overall hospital mortality rate was 8.7%. A logistic regression analysis revealed urgent operation, recent central neurologic event, tamponade, unplanned coronary artery revascularization and pump time to be independent predictors of hospital mortality (p < 0.05). The permanent neurologic dysfunction rate was 3.8%. A logistic regression analysis showed tamponade to be independent predictor of permanent neurologic dysfunction (p < 0.05). The transient neurologic dysfunction rate was 5.6%. Recent central neurologic event, tamponade, coronary disease, and aortic valve replacement were indicated as independent predictors of transient neurologic dysfunction by logistic regression (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: In our experience the utilization of antegrade selective cerebral perfusion resulted in encouraging results in terms of hospital mortality and brain complications. Neither the extent of the replacement nor the duration of the cerebral perfusion had an impact on hospital mortality and neurologic outcome.
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