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Genichi Sakaguchi
Kazunobu Nishimura
Masashi Komeda
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Ann Thorac Surg 2003;75:1942-1947
© 2003 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Original article: cardiovascular

A pig model of chronic heart failure by intracoronary embolization with gelatin sponge

Genichi Sakaguchi, MDa, Yutaka Sakakibara, MDa, Keiichi Tambara, MDa, Fanglin Lu, MDa, Goditha Premaratne, MDa, Kazunobu Nishimura, MD, PhDa, Masashi Komeda, MD, PhDa*

a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Accepted for publication January 17, 2003.

* Address reprint requests to Dr Komeda, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto University, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan 606-8507.
e-mail: masakom{at}kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp

BACKGROUND: We produced a large-animal model of left ventricular (LV) failure induced by transcatheter embolization of the left coronary artery using a gelatin sponge.

METHODS: Fourteen male pigs underwent transcatheter embolization of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) using gelatin sponge to produce anteroapical myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography was performed 1 week after the coronary embolization. The animals were followed up with echocardiography and LV pressure-volume study for the subsequent 8 weeks, and the data were compared with those of the control group (n = 13).

RESULTS: The procedure mortality was 2 of 14 (14%). Coronary angiography revealed the occluded LAD was recanalized with poor run-off. The LV end-diastolic dimension progressively increased (control versus myocardial infarction: 39 ± 2 mm versus 49 ± 4 mm, p < 0.001 at week 4; and 40 ± 2 mm versus 57 ± 6 mm, p < 0.001 at week 8). Fractional area change decreased over 8 weeks (77% ± 10% versus 43% ± 6%, p < 0.001 at week 4; and 77% ± 10% versus 40% ± 8%, p < 0.001 at week 8). End-systolic elastance progressively decreased over 8 weeks (3.04 ± 0.73 mm Hg/mL versus 1.54 ± 0.51 mm Hg/mL, p < 0.0001 at week 4; and 2.88 ± 0.44 mm Hg/mL versus 1.05 ± 0.21 mm Hg/mL, p < 0.001 at week 8). The plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide were significantly higher in the study group (543 ± 131 pg/mL versus 1,321 ± 364 pg/mL, p < 0.001 at week 4; and 610 ± 152 pg/mL versus 1,523 ± 232 pg/mL, p < 0.001 at week 8).

CONCLUSIONS: This pig model of chronic heart failure is reliable, reproducible, and amenable to investigate other surgical procedures.






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