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Ann Thorac Surg 2003;75:1624-1626
© 2003 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
a Divisions of Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
b Division of and Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Accepted for publication October 21, 2002.
* Address reprint requests to Dr Liao, Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Box 207, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN55455, USA (Email: liaox014{at}umn.edu).
Left ventricular assist devices unload the left ventricle and decrease left atrial pressure. This hemodynamic change may cause a right to left atrial shunt and hypoxemia in patients with patent foramen ovale. We prospectively studied the best time for performing diagnostic transesophageal echocardiography in left ventricular assist device patients. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography was performed in 14 patients before cardiopulmonary bypass was initiated and after left ventricular assist device was implanted. No patent foramen ovale was detected when transesophageal echocardiography was done before bypass, but a patent foramen ovale was found in 3 patients when transesophageal echocardiography was performed after left ventricular assist device was activated. Patent foramen ovale was confirmed by inspection in all three patients and surgically closed during the same procedure. There were no patent foramen ovale closure-related complications.
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