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Ann Thorac Surg 2003;75:106-112
© 2003 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Original article: cardiovascular

Blunt traumatic aortic transection: the endovascular experience

Victoria P. Orford, MBBS (Hons)a*, Noel R. Atkinson, FRACSb, Ken Thomson, MDc, Peter Y. Milne, FRACSb, William A. Campbell, FRACSd, Andrew Roberts, FRACSe, John Goldblatt, FRACSa, James Tatoulis, FRACSa

a Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
b Vascular Surgery Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
c Department of Radiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Australia
d Vascular Surgery Unit, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
e Vascular Surgery Unit, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

* Address reprint requests to Dr Orford, Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan St, Parkville, Victoria 3050 Australia.
e-mail: victoria.orford{at}mh.org.au

Presented at the Thirty-eighth Annual Meeting of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Fort Lauderdale, FL, Jan 28–30, 2002.

BACKGROUND: Thoracic aortic transection resulting from blunt trauma is usually fatal. It is almost always associated with multiple, complex, nonaortic injuries that could be adversely affected by standard surgical repair of the aorta. Endovascular stenting techniques offer these patients a less physiologically disruptive treatment option. We studied the feasibility and safety of endovascular stent graft placement for treatment of acute traumatic aortic transection.

METHODS: Between 1994 and 2001, 9 patients were treated emergently for aortic transections with stent graft placement. The first patient had a custom-made prototype, and the other 8 patients had the Cook-Zenith thoracic stent graft implanted. All were polyester-covered Z-stent construction and deployed through a femoral 20- to 24-F delivery sheath.

RESULTS: Stent graft placement successfully sealed the aorta in all patients. One patient died as a result of a cerebrovascular accident. One patient required a brachial thrombectomy to relieve arm ischemia. The remaining eight patients were alive and without complications during the follow-up period (mean 21 months).

CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular repair for acute aortic transection is a safe, effective, and timely treatment option. It may be the treatment of choice in patients with extensive associated injuries.




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