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Ann Thorac Surg 2002;74:1107-1113
© 2002 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Original article: cardiovascular

Impact of implant technique following freestyle stentless aortic valve replacement

David S. Bach, MD*a, Paul C. Cartier, MD*,a , Neal D. Kon, MDa, Katherine G. Johnson, MSa, G. Michael Deeb, MDa, Donald B. Doty, MDa and the Freestyle Valve Study Group

a Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

Accepted for publication May 29, 2002.

* Address reprint requests to Dr Bach, L3119 Women’s -0273, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
e-mail: dbach{at}umich.edu

Background. Stentless aortic bioprostheses have excellent hemodynamics and clinical outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether implant technique of the Freestyle aortic root bioprosthesis impacts clinical outcomes or hemodynamic performance.

Methods. The long-term multicenter study of the Freestyle stentless aortic bioprosthesis includes 500 consecutive patients implanted using the subcoronary and 162 using the full root technique. Clinical outcomes and echocardiographic hemodynamics were compared through 5 years.

Results. There were no differences between groups in time to death, valve-related death, or reoperation. The incidence of operative death was higher in the full root than in the subcoronary group (odds ratio 3.97, p = 0.001). Patients in the subcoronary group were more likely to have New York Heart Association functional class III or IV symptoms at 1 year (1.7% versus 0%, p = 0.04) and 5 years postoperatively (4.4% versus 0%, p = 0.02). Mean gradient was lower (p = 0.0004) and effective orifice area larger (p = 0.04) in the full root group. Left ventricular mass index decreased in both groups. The preponderance of patients in both groups had no or trivial aortic regurgitation through 5 years.

Conclusions. Full root implantation of the Freestyle stentless aortic bioprosthesis was associated with higher operative mortality, but somewhat better hemodynamics, functional class, and freedom from aortic regurgitation. Higher operative mortality argues against the empiric replacement of the ascending aorta in the absence of aortic root pathology. In appropriately selected patients, both implant techniques are viable alternatives for valve implantation.




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