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Ann Thorac Surg 2001;71:S410-S412
© 2001 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Basic research

Biochemical properties of heat-treated valvular bioprostheses

Sophie M. Carpentier, PhDa, Ming Shen, MD, PhDa, Lin Chen, MDa, Crystal M. Cunanan, MSa, Bernard Martinet, BSa, Alain Carpentier, MD, PhDa

a Laboratoire d’Etude des Greffes et Prothèses Cardiaques, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France

Address reprint requests to Dr Sophie M. Carpentier, Laboratoire d’Etude des Greffes et Prothèses Cardiaques, Hôpital Broussais, 96 rue Didot, 75014 Paris, France
e-mail: labo.legpc{at}brs.ap-hop-paris.fr

Presented at the VIII International Symposium on Cardiac Bioprostheses, Cancun, Mexico, Nov 3–5, 2000.

Background. Preliminary studies showed that heat treatment of glutaraldehyde preserved valvular bioprostheses mitigates calcification. This study was carried out to define the physicochemical characteristics of the heat-treated tissues to elucidate the mechanism involved in the mitigation.

Methods. Glut bovine pericardium or porcine valve samples were treated at 50°C in a 0.625% glutaraldehyde solution for 2 months. Some samples underwent assay for shrinkage temperature, moisture content, ninhydrin test, and acid hydrolysis, and other samples were incubated in human serum for 3 days and then analyzed by electrophoresis to study protein adsorption.

Results. Heat treatment mitigated calcification without adversely affecting shrinkage temperature (84.81°C versus 83.95°C) and moisture content (78.68% versus 78.71%). A significant reduction in free amino groups (0.15 versus 0.37 mol NH2/mol collagen) and a significant increase in resistance to acid hydrolysis were observed. Total protein content was similar, but significant differences were found for four proteins adsorbed in the tissues (167, 45, 11.6, and 10 kDa).

Conclusions. The anticalcification effect of heat treatment may be attributed to structural changes, lipid extraction, increased resistance, and modifications of the type and concentration of the proteins adsorbed in the tissue.






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