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Ann Thorac Surg 2001;71:1508-1511
© 2001 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Original article: cardiovascular

Is tranexamic acid safe in patients undergoing coronary endarterectomy?

^a Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Accepted for publication January 13, 2001.

Address reprint requests to Dr Rubens, H211, 40 Ruskin St, Ottawa, Ontario, KIY 4W7 Canada
e-mail: frubens{at}ottawaheart.ca

Background. Patients undergoing coronary endarterectomy during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are at increased risk of perioperative myocardial infarction due to coronary intimal disruption. Data assessing the safety of the antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic acid (TA) in patients undergoing this procedure are lacking.

Methods. From September 1997 to December 1999, 221 patients underwent nonemergency primary CABG with endarterectomy of the right coronary artery alone in 149, the left anterior descending in 35, or both right and left anterior descending in 27. TA was administered intraoperatively to 87 patients (TA group: average total dose 62 ± 4.4 mg/kg; range 20 to 109 mg/kg), and was not administered to 134 patients (No TA group).

Results. The patient characteristics of the 2 groups were similar. In-hospital mortality consisted of 2 patients in the TA group and 4 patients in the No TA group. Perioperative myocardial infarction rates were 2% and 5% in the TA and No TA groups, respectively (p = 0.49). The relative risk for any type of perioperative cardiac ischemic event in the TA group versus the No TA group was 0.77 (95% CI; 0.4, 1.2). Patients in the TA group had a significant reduction in postoperative chest tube drainage (685 versus 894 mL in the TA versus No TA groups, respectively) and in the use of fresh-frozen plasma (p = 0.03).

Conclusions. These results suggest that the clinical effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing postoperative blood loss in patients undergoing coronary endarterectomy is not associated with a higher incidence of myocardial ischemia-related complications.

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