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Ann Thorac Surg 1999;68:1257-1261
© 1999 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kumamoto Central Hospital, Kumamotoshi, Japan
Address reprint requests to Dr Sakata, 96 Tainoshima, Tamukaemachi, Kumamotoshi, Japan, 862-0965
Background. To analyze the characteristic problems of coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with chronic renal failure.
Methods. Fifty-one consecutive dialysis patients who required isolated coronary bypass grafting over a 9-year period were studied retrospectively.
Results. Nine patients (18%) had emergent operation, 4 of whom had intraaortic balloon counterpulsation instituted preoperatively. A mean of 3.3 ± 1.0 bypasses per patient were grafted; 14 patients (27%) had bypass with two arterial grafts, 13 (25%) of which used left internal mammary artery and gastroepiploic artery and one of which used bilateral internal mammary artery grafts. A mean of 4.2 ± 2.6 coronary artery segments were calcific according to American Heart Association classification. Eight patients (16%) required operative modifications to avoid manipulating calcific plaques on the ascending aorta. Four patients (7.8%) died, and 15 had nonlethal complications. The actuarial survival rates in 47 hospital survivors at 1, 3, and 5 years were overall 89%, 84%, and 71%, respectively, and estimates for cardiac deaths 93%, 93%, and 82%, respectively. Cardiac event-free rates after coronary artery bypass grafting were 83% and 65% for 3- and 5-year periods, respectively.
Conclusions. Calcification of coronary arteries and the ascending aorta is a serious problem in long-term dialysis patients. However using arterial grafts, preferentially, in situ, seems to provide a practical alternative to minimize manipulating the ascending aorta during coronary artery bypass grafting, with acceptable perioperative morbidity and mortality rates and long-term survival.
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