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Ann Thorac Surg 1998;65:1741-1745
© 1998 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Original articles: cardiovascular

Superior Hydrodynamics of a Modified Cavopulmonary Connection for the Norwood Operation

Hans-Hinrich Sievers, MD, PhDa, Anja Gerdes, MDa, Jörg Kunze, MScb, Gerd Pfister, PhDb

a Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
b Institute of Applied Physics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Accepted for publication January 20, 1998.

Address reprint requests to Dr Sievers, Klinik für Herzchirurgie, Medizinische Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
e-mail: (herzchir{at}medinf.mu-luebeck.de)

Background. In the Fontan circulation, energy consumption at the cavopulmonary connection is crucial. Our hypothesis was that a modification of the standard Norwood variant of cavopulmonary connection with an extended anastomosis would improve hydrodynamics.

Methods. The in vitro hydrodynamics of two different Perspex glass models resembling the Norwood variant of cavopulmonary connection (model I) and the modification (model II) were analyzed in a mock circulation at nonpulsatile flows of 2 to 5 L/min to simulate rest and exercise. The pulmonary flow split was varied to imitate varying lung resistances. Inferior-to-superior caval flow ratio and size of models were increased to simulate growth.

Results. The pulmonary flow was preferentially directed to the left lung in model I and was better balanced in model II. Power losses increased exponentially with total flow in both models and were markedly higher in model I. These differences were attenuated in the larger models. Anastomotic turbulences were larger in model I. Power losses in both models were relatively insensitive to changes in pulmonary flow split.

Conclusions. The proposed modification of the Norwood variant of cavopulmonary connection seems to be hydrodynamically advantageous and warrants further evaluation.




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Computational fluid dynamics in the evaluation of hemodynamic performance of cavopulmonary connections after the norwood procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., October 1, 2003; 126(4): 1040 - 1047.
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