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Ann Thorac Surg 1997;64:1441-1447
© 1997 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons


Original Articles: General Thoracic

Surgical Management of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Neutropenic Patients

Alain Bernard, MD, Denis Caillot, MD, Jean François Couaillier, MD, Olivier Casasnovas, MD, Henri Guy, MD, Jean Pierre Favre, MD

Departments of Surgery, Clinical Hematology, and Radiology, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France

Accepted for publication May 21, 1997.

Background. The aim of our study was to clarify the indications for operation in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

Methods. Nineteen patients with hematologic malignancy, in whom invasive pulmonary aspergillosis developed during the course of neutropenia, had operations. Neutropenia lasted 28 days (range, 15 to 45 days). The preoperative diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was based on computed tomographic scan findings (halo or air crescent signs).

Results. Eight patients underwent emergency operations, before marrow recovery, for prevention of massive hemoptysis. The criterion for operation was an aspergillosis lesion that contacted the pulmonary artery on computed tomography. A lobectomy was performed in all cases. A sleeve resection of the pulmonary artery was necessary on two occasions. There was one postoperative death due to extensive aspergillosis. The length of hospitalization after operation was 13 days (range, 6 to 18 days). Seven patients were treated by elective resection of a residual mass (before hematologic therapy in 6 cases). The types of resection performed were lobectomy (n = 4), lingulectomy (n = 1), and wedge resection (n = 2). There were no postoperative deaths. The average length of stay before discharge from the hospital was 11 days (range, 7 to 20 days). The surgical resection was performed as a diagnostic procedure in the 4 remaining patients after an allotted time of 14 days (range, 4 to 24 days) from initiation of antifungal therapy.

Conclusions. The combination of antifungal agents and surgical resection is an efficient strategy for the treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with hematologic malignancy.




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