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Ann Thorac Surg 1997;64:1354-1359
© 1997 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Original Articles: Cardiovascular

Time Dependence of Endothelium-Mediated Vasodilation by Intermittent Antegrade Warm Blood Cardioplegia

Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of Anesthesiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy

Accepted for publication May 30, 1997.

Background. The technique of intermittent antegrade warm blood cardioplegia (IAWBC) exposes the heart to brief periods of normothermic ischemia. This may impair endothelial function in coronary arteries.

Methods. Three cardioplegic technique were tested in porcine hearts arrested for 32 to 36 minutes and reperfused for 30 minutes: IAWBC, antegrade cold blood cardioplegia (ACBC), and antegrade cold crystalloid cardioplegia (ACCC). In the hearts arrested with IAWBC, three different intervals of ischemia were used: three 10-minute intervals (IAWBC1), two 15-minute intervals (IAWBC2), and one 30-minute interval (IAWBC3). Rings from the coronary arteries were used to evaluate in vitro the contractile responses to U46619 and the relaxant responses to bradykinin, A23187, and sodium nitroprusside.

Results. All six groups (treatment groups and control group) displayed similar responses to U46619 (30 nmol/L) and nitroprusside. In the IAWBC1, IAWBC2, and ACBC groups, endothelium-dependent relaxations to bradykinin and A23187 were preserved compared with controls, whereas those of the ACCC and IAWBC3 groups were significantly impaired (bradykinin: control, 8.72 ± 0.07; IAWBC1, 8.73 ± 0.03; IAWBC2, 8.65 ± 0.05; IAWBC3, 8.30 ± 0.07 [p < 0.05]; ACBC, 8.50 ± 0.03; ACCC, 8.25 ± 0.09 [p < 0.05]; A23187: control, 7.07 ± 0.08; IAWBC1, 7.07 ± 0.06; IAWBC2, 7.04 ± 0.03; IAWBC3, 6.64 ± 0.01 [p < 0.05]; ACBC, 6.80 ± 0.05; ACCC, 6.60 ± 0.08 [p < 0.05]; nitroprusside: control, 6.19 ± 0.1; IAWBC1, 6.19 ± 0.07; IAWBC2, 6.03 ± 0.03; IAWBC3, 6.08 ± 0.05; ACBC, 6.04 ± 0.2; ACCC, 6.05 ± 0.03; all values are expressed as the negative logarithm of the concentration producing 50% of the maximal response).

Conclusions. Myocardial preservation with IAWBC with ischemic intervals of 15 minutes or shorter does not alter the endothelium-dependent relaxation to bradykinin or A23187 in porcine coronary arteries, but these responses are significantly impaired by ACCC and IAWBC with an ischemic interval of 30 minutes.

This article has been cited by other articles:

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