HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Personal Folders Download to citation manager Author home page(s): Atsuo Mori Toshihiko Ueda Ryo Aeba Permission Requests Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Mori, A. Articles by Kawada, S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Mori, A. Articles by Kawada, S.

Ann Thorac Surg 1997;63:1057-1062
© 1997 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

---

Original Article: Cardiovascular

Detrimental Effects of Exogenous Glutamate on Spinal Cord Neurons During Brief Ischemia In Vivo

Departments of Cardiovascular Surgery and Neurology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan

Accepted for publication October 30, 1996.

Background. Paraplegia remains a serious complication of thoracoabdominal aortic operations. However, despite growing in vitro evidence, it has been difficult to demonstrate glutamate neurotoxicity in vivo because of the reuptake activity that occurs. We hypothesized that glutamate can be toxic to the spinal cord under metabolic stress.

Methods. Infrarenal aortic isolation was performed in New Zealand white rabbits. Group A animals (n = 7) then received a segmental infusion of glutamate (50 mmol/L) for 5 minutes. Group B animals (n = 7) received saline as a negative control. Group C animals (n = 6) were pretreated with a segmental infusion of 2,3- dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(f)-quinoxaline (4 mg/kg), a competitive -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoazole-4-propionic acid/kainate antagonist, followedby the segmental infusion of glutamate (30 mmol/L) for 4 minutes. Group D animals (n = 6) received the vehicle agents only, followed by the same glutamate infusion (30 mmol/L) as in group C as a control for group C. Neurologic status was assessed at 12, 24, and 48 hours after operation and scored using the Tarlov system.

Results. Group A animals exhibited paraplegia or paraparesis with marked neuronal necrosis. Group B animals recovered fully. Group C animals had better neurologic function than group D animals (p = 0.0039).

Conclusions. Exogenous glutamate can have detrimental effects on spinal cord neurons during a brief period of ischemia. This model may be useful for the purpose of assaying a glutamate receptor antagonist in vivo.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Y. Cho, T. Ueda, A. Mori, T. Nakamichi, H. Shimizu, Y. Inoue, and S. Kawada Exogenous aspartate neurotoxicity in the spinal cord under metabolic stress in vivo Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 2000; 70(5): 1496 - 1500. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. K. Kanellopoulos, X. M. Xu, C. Y. Hsu, X. Lu, T. M. Sundt, N. T. Kouchoukos, and P. H. Chan White Matter Injury in Spinal Cord Ischemia : Protection by AMPA/Kainate Glutamate Receptor Antagonism Editorial Comment: Protection by AMPA/Kainate Glutamate Receptor Antagonism Stroke, August 1, 2000; 31(8): 1945 - 1952. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Ueda, H. Shimizu, A. Mori, I. Kashima, K. Moro, and S. Kawada Selective perfusion of segmental arteries in patients undergoing thoracoabdominal aortic surgery Ann. Thorac. Surg., July 1, 2000; 70(1): 38 - 43. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. J. Gangemi, J. A. Kern, S. D. Ross, K. S. Shockey, I. L. Kron, and C. G. Tribble Retrograde perfusion with a sodium channel antagonist provides ischemic spinal cord protection Ann. Thorac. Surg., June 1, 2000; 69(6): 1744 - 1748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Lang-Lazdunski, C. Heurteaux, N. Vaillant, C. Widmann, and M. Lazdunski RILUZOLE PREVENTS ISCHEMIC SPINAL CORD INJURY CAUSED BY AORTIC CROSSCLAMPING J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., May 1, 1999; 117(5): 881 - 889. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. M. Follis, K. S. Blisard, P. S. Varvitsiotis, S. B. Pett Jr, R. T. Temes, and J. A. Wernly Selective protection of gray and white matter during spinal cord ischemic injury Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 1, 1999; 67(5): 1362 - 1369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]