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Ann Thorac Surg 1996;62:756-761
© 1996 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Original Articles: Cardiovascular

Effects of Valve Replacement on Ventricular Mechanics in Mitral Regurgitation and Aortic Stenosis

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

Accepted for publication April 26, 1996.

Background. This study in humans assessed changes in left ventricular function early and late after correction of mitral regurgitation (MR) (n = 9) or aortic stenosis (AS) (n = 10).

Methods. Ventricular function was measured with radionuclide and micromanometer-derived pressure–volume loops during preload manipulation, thermodilution cardiac outputs, and echocardiograms. Late radionuclide and echocardiographic data were acquired at 24 hours and 20 months.

Results. Perioperative left ventricular performance (stroke work–end-diastolic volume relationship) did not change for patients with MR or AS. Significant changes in afterload occurred: ejection fraction (MR, 0.49 to 0.37; AS, 0.54 to 0.60; both, p= 0.013), mean left ventricular ejection pressure (MR, 73 to 91 mm Hg; AS, 138 to 93 mm Hg; both, p < 0.01), and end-systolic wall stress (MR, 26 to 42 x 10³ dynes/cm²; AS, 37 to 22 x 10³ dynes/cm²; both, p < 0.01). Ejection efficiency improved for MR patients (0.69 ± 0.26 to 1.0 ± 0.15; p < 0.05). The 20-month data showed improved New York Heart Association functional class, normal resting ejection fraction, and normal exercise response for both groups.

Conclusions.Early after operation, a significant change in left ventricular load was seen with correction of MR and AS. Data obtained late after operation showed improvement consistent with ventricular remodeling.

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