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Manfred Dahm
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Ann Thorac Surg 1996;61:1788-1792
© 1996 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons


Original Article: Cardiovascular

Mid-Term Results of Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy for Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Eckhard Mayer, MD, Manfred Dahm, MD, PhD, Ulrich Hake, MD, PhD, Franz X. Schmid, MD, Michael Pitton, MD, Iri Kupferwasser, MD, Stein Iversen, MD, PhD, Hellmut Oelert, MD, PhD

Departments for Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Radiology, and II. Medical Clinic, Johannes Gutenberg-University Hospital Mainz, Mainz; and Frankfurt Heart Centre,Frankfurt, Germany

Accepted for publication February 12, 1996.

Background. In patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, acute and striking decreases of pulmonary artery pressures and vascular resistance can be achieved by pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. In this study, the long-term effects of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy on hemodynamic indices and right ventricular function were investigated.

Methods. Sixty-five patients (31 women and 34 men; mean age, 47 ± 17 years; range, 19 to 69 years; New York Heart Association [NYHA] functional class II, n = 3; class III, n = 38; class IV, n = 24) were reassessed 13 to 48 months (mean, 27 months) after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Measurements are reported as mean ± standard deviation.

Results. All patients reported a significant improvement of symptoms: 46 patients were in NYHA functional class I, 16 patients in class II, and 3 patients in class III. Mean pulmonary vascular resistance was significantly reduced compared with preoperative and postoperative values (preoperative: 1,015 ± 454 dynes•s•cm-5; post-operative: 322 ± 154 dynes•s•cm-5; follow-up: 198 ± 72 dynes•s•cm-5; p < 0.001 versus preoperative; p < 0.025 versus postoperative). Concomitantly, cardiac index was significantly increased compared with preoperative values (preoperative: 2.0 ± 0.7 L•min-1•m-2; follow-up: 2.9 ± 0.5 L•min-1•m-2; p < 0.001). Significant reductions of right ventricular dimensions and recovery of right ventricular function could be demonstrated radiologically and echocardiographically. In 3 patients (preoperative NYHA class IV, NYHA class III at follow-up) with proven coagulation abnormalities, pulmonary vascular resistance was moderately increased at follow-up compared with postoperative measurements.

Conclusions. In patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, a persistent decrease of pulmonary vascular resistance and improvement of right ventricular function and NYHA functional status can be achieved by pulmonary thromboendarterectomy.




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