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Ann Thorac Surg 1994;57:146-150
© 1994 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Articles

Quantitative gas transfer of an intravascular oxygenator

Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery and Research Division, Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland

Accepted for publication February 24, 1993.

^_* Address reprint requests to Dr Tönz, Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.

The intravascular oxygenator is a newly developed device for intracaval gas exchange in critically ill patients with respiratory failure. In an experimental ex vivo model, performance characteristics of the intravascular oxygenator/carbon dioxide removal device were studied. With a mean hemoglobin concentration of 6.2 ± 1.9 g/dL (mean ± standard deviation), total O₂ transfer was 21.8 ± 4.8 mL/min at a blood flow of 1 L/min, 37.0 ± 12.6 mL/min at 2 L/min, and 47.5 ± 16.7 mL/min at 3 L/min. Total CO₂ transfer was 27.3 ± 6.6 mL/min at a blood flow of 1 L/min, 38.6 ± 8.9 mL/min at 2 L/min, and 40.4 ± 9.3 mL/min at 3 L/min. In contrast to total gas transfer, O₂/CO₂ transfer rates (mL/L) diminished significantly with increasing blood flow. In addition, there was a negative correlation between O₂ transfer rate and venous O₂ partial pressure (r = -0.73; p < 0.0001), a positive correlation between CO₂ transfer rate and venous CO₂ partial pressure (r = 0.65; p < 0.0001), and a positive correlation between O₂ and CO₂ transfer rates and blood hemoglobin level (r = 0.57 [p < 0.01] and r = 0.70 [p < 0.01], respectively). These results demonstrate that the behavior of the intravascular hollow fiber oxygenator is similar to that of the classic membrane oxygenator used for cardiopulmonary bypass: total gas transfer correlates directly with blood flow and venous CO₂ partial pressure and indirectly with venous O₂ partial pressure. The O₂ and CO₂ transfer rates increase significantly with increasing hemoglobin content of the blood.

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