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Ann Thorac Surg 1993;55:401-403
© 1993 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Articles

Hyperbaric oxygenation for arterial air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass

Israeli Naval Hyperbaric Institute and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Carmel Lady Davis Hospital, Haifa, Israel

Accepted for publication May 14, 1992.

^_* Address reprint requests to Dr Kol, Israeli Naval Hyperbaric Institute, PO Box 8040, 31 080 Haifa, Israel.

The incidence of systemic air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass is estimated to be 0.1%. However, the vast majority of instances are unreported and quietly ignored. The result may be disability or death. The control of air embolism obviously lies in prevention. The definite and specific treatment of this complication is hyperbaric oxygen. We report 6 patients referred to our institute because of air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass. Of the 4 patients in whom hyperbaric oxygen therapy was delayed for 17 to 20 hours, 2 showed partial neurological improvement, as opposed to the success of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the 2 patients in whom the delay was minimal. We conclude that as soon as the proposed open heart operation has been completed and there is an indication that air embolism has occurred, the patient should be treated with hyperbaric oxygen as quickly as possible, even before neurologic manifestations of cerebral ischemia appear.

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