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The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Vol 54, 1236-1243, Copyright © 1992 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
SW Downing and LH Edmunds Jr
Cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with bleeding and thrombotic
complications, massive fluid shifts, and cellular and hormonal defense
reactions that are collectively termed "the whole body inflammatory
response." A host of vasoactive substances are produced, released or
altered during cardiopulmonary bypass. These hormones, autacoids, and
cytokines react with specific receptor proteins distributed throughout the
body, and mediate the vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cell
contractions that are responsible for much of the morbidity associated with
open heart operations. This essay briefly reviews the actions, sources, and
perturbations of the approximately 25 vasoactive substances known or
believed to be altered by cardiopulmonary bypass, and provides an
introductory reference list.
ARTICLES
Release of vasoactive substances during cardiopulmonary bypass
Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia.
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A. Belboul and N. Al-Khaja Does heparin coating improve biocompatibility? A study on complement, blood cells and postoperative morbidity during cardiac surgery Perfusion, December 1, 1997; 12(6): 385 - 391. [Abstract] [PDF]
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V. Chaloupecky, B. Hucin, T. Tlaskal, M. Kostelka, V. Kucera, J. Janousek, J. skovranek, and L. sprongl Ing NITROGEN BALANCE, 3-METHYLHISTIDINE EXCRETION, AND PLASMA AMINO ACID PROFILE IN INFANTS AFTER CARDIAC OPERATIONS FOR CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS: THE EFFECT OF EARLY NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., December 1, 1997; 114(6): 1053 - 1060. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P. Bruins, H. t. Velthuis, A. P. Yazdanbakhsh, P. G. M. Jansen, F. W. J. van Hardevelt, E. M. F. H. de Beaumont, C. R. H. Wildevuur, L. Eijsman, A. Trouwborst, and C. E. Hack Activation of the Complement System During and After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery : Postsurgery Activation Involves C-Reactive Protein and Is Associated With Postoperative Arrhythmia Circulation, November 18, 1997; 96(10): 3542 - 3548. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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T. Ohata, Y. Sawa, K. Kadoba, T. Masai, H. Ichikawa, and H. Matsuda Effect of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Under Tepid Temperature on Inflammatory Reactions Ann. Thorac. Surg., July 1, 1997; 64(1): 124 - 128. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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H. Shennib, A. G. L. Lee, and J. Akin Safe and Effective Method of Stabilization for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting on the Beating Heart Ann. Thorac. Surg., April 1, 1997; 63(4): 988 - 992. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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J. S. Tweddell, S. Berger, P. C. Frommelt, A. N. Pelech, D. A. Lewis, R. T. Fedderly, M. A. Frommelt, T. S. McManus, Ccp, K. A. Mussatto, et al. Aprotinin Improves Outcome of Single-Ventricle Palliation Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 1996; 62(5): 1329 - 1335. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M.-C. Seghaye, R. G. Grabitz, J. Duchateau, S. Busse, S. Dabritz, D. Koch, G. Alzen, H. Hornchen, B. J. Messmer, and G. von Bernuth INFLAMMATORY REACTION AND CAPILLARY LEAK SYNDROME RELATED TO CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS IN NEONATES UNDERGOING CARDIAC OPERATIONS J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., September 1, 1996; 112(3): 687 - 697. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P.-O. Joachimsson, F. Sjoberg, M. Forsman, M. Johansson, H. C. Ahn, and H. Rutberg ADVERSE EFFECTS OF HYPEROXEMIA DURING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., September 1, 1996; 112(3): 812 - 819. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. D. Muehrcke, P. M. McCarthy, K. Kottke-Marchant, H. Harasaki, J. Pierre-Yared, J. A. Borsh, D. A. Ogella, and D. M. Cosgrove BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF HEPARIN-COATED EXTRACORPOREAL BYPASS CIRCUITS: A RANDOMIZED, MASKED CLINICAL TRIAL J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., August 1, 1996; 112(2): 472 - 483. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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A. Stamler, S. Y. Wang, J. Li, R. L. Thurer, F. J. Schoen, and F. W. Sellke Moderate Hypothermia Reduces Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Induced Impairment of Cerebrovascular Responses to Platelet Products Ann. Thorac. Surg., July 1, 1996; 62(1): 191 - 198. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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K. E. Wehberg, A. H. Foster, R. M. Wise, J. S. McLaughlin, and M. J. Brunner NITRIC OXIDE MEDIATES FLUID ACCUMULATION DURING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., July 1, 1996; 112(1): 168 - 174. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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J. M Courtney, B. M Matata, H. Q Yin, A. Esposito, A. Mahiout, D. P Taggart, and G. Lowe The influence of biomaterials on inflammatory responses to cardiopulmonary bypass Perfusion, May 1, 1996; 11(3): 220 - 228. [PDF]
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R. Gitter, J. M. Anderson Jr, and G. K. Jett Influence of Milrinone and Norepinephrine on Blood Flow in Canine Internal Mammary Artery Grafts Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 1, 1996; 61(5): 1367 - 1371. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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R. L. Korn, C. A. Fisher, E. R. Livingston, N. Stenach, S. J. Fishman, V. Jeevanandam, and V. P. Addonizio THE EFFECTS OF CARMEDA BIOACTIVE SURFACE ON HUMAN BLOOD COMPONENTS DURING SIMULATED EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCULATION J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., May 1, 1996; 111(5): 1073 - 1084. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. A. Fullerton, S. D. Jones, J. Jaggers, F. Piedalue, RRT, F. L. Grover, and R. C. McIntyre Jr. EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF PULMONARY VASCULAR RESISTANCE WITH INHALED NITRIC OXIDE AFTER CARDIAC OPERATION J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., April 1, 1996; 111(4): 753 - 763. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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R. C. Gorman, N. P. Ziats, A. K. Rao, N. Gikakis, L. Sun, M. M. H. Khan, N. Stenach, S. Sapatnekar, V. Chouhan, J. H. Gorman III, et al. SURFACE-BOUND HEPARIN FAILS TO REDUCE THROMBIN FORMATION DURING CLINICAL CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., January 1, 1996; 111(1): 1 - 12. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. A. Fullerton, M. B. Mitchell, D. N. Jones, A. Maki, and R. C. McIntyre Jr. PULMONARY VASOMOTOR DYSFUNCTION IS PRODUCED WITH CHRONICALLY HIGH PULMONARY BLOOD FLOW J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., January 1, 1996; 111(1): 190 - 197. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P. Menasche, J. Peynet, N. Haeffner-Cavaillon, M.-P. Carreno, T. de Chaumaray, V. Dillisse, B. Faris, A. Piwnica, G. Bloch, and A. Tedgui Influence of Temperature on Neutrophil Trafficking During Clinical Cardiopulmonary Bypass Circulation, November 1, 1995; 92(9): 334 - 340. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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F. Le Deist, P. Menasche, C. Kucharski, A. Bel, A. Piwnica, and G. Bloch Hypothermia During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Delays but Does Not Prevent Neutrophil– Endothelial Cell Adhesion : A Clinical Study Circulation, November 1, 1995; 92(9): 354 - 358. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P. A. Spence, W. D. Montgomery, and W. P. Santamore HIGH FLOW DEMAND ON SMALL ARTERIAL CORONARY BYPASS CONDUITS PROMOTES GRAFT SPASM J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., October 1, 1995; 110(4): 952 - 962. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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N. J. Rusch, T. A. Wooldridge, C. C. Kulig, G. H. Almassi, A. C. Nicolosi, G. N. Olinger, and L. E. Boerboom REACTIVITY OF HUMAN SAPHENOUS VEINS AT ARTERIAL PERFUSION PRESSURES J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., October 1, 1995; 110(4): 1005 - 1012. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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B. M. Steinberg, E. A. Grossi, D. S. Schwartz, D. E. McLoughlin, M. Aguinaga, C. Bizekis, J. Greenwald, A. Flisser, F. C. Spencer, A. C. Galloway, et al. Heparin Bonding of Bypass Circuits Reduces Cytokine Release During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Ann. Thorac. Surg., September 1, 1995; 60(3): 525 - 529. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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W. Tao, J. B. Zwischenberger, T. T. Nguyen, R. A. Vertrees, L. B. McDaniel, L. K. Nutt, D. N. Herndon, and G. C. Kramer Gut mucosal ischemia during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass results from blood flow redistribution and increased oxygen demand J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., September 1, 1995; 110(3): 819 - 828. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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J. Gonzalez, T. Morrissey, T. Byrne, R. Rizzo, and D. Wilmore Bioelectric impedance detects fluid retention in patients undergoing cardipulmonary bypass J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., July 1, 1995; 110(1): 111 - 118. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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H. P. Singh, E. T. Coleman, M. Hargrove, S. E. Barrow, M. B. Murphy, and T. Aherne Prostacyclin and Thromboxane Levels in Pleural Space Fluid During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 1995; 59(3): 647 - 650. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. A. Fullerton, R. C. McIntyre Jr., M. B. Mitchell, D. N. Campell, and F. L. Grover Lung transplantation with cardiopulmonary bypass exaggerates pulmonary vasomotor dysfunction in the transplanted lung J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., February 1, 1995; 109(2): 212 - 217. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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