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The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Vol 51, 893-899, Copyright © 1991 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
EC Douville, RM Sade and DA Fyfe
Mortality after Fontan operation is related to risk factors like
ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary artery deformity, and young age
(infancy). Preliminary procedures may improve Fontan results. The hemi-
Fontan operation includes atriopulmonary anastomosis and correction of all
anatomical risk factors, but an atriopulmonary patch directs superior vena
caval flow into both pulmonary arteries and inferior vena caval flow into
the ventricle, thus maintaining cardiac output (modified Glenn physiology).
We performed 17 hemi-Fontan procedures in 16 patients, 14 primarily (median
age, 9 months) and 3 for takedown of a Fontan operation. The 14 primary
operations were for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (5), pulmonary atresia
with intact ventricular septum (4), and other (5). All patients had
multiple risk factors. Extubation was at 18 hours (median), chest tube
removal was at 3 days, and hospital discharge was at 8 days
postoperatively. Important complications included subglottic stenosis,
transient diaphragmatic paralysis, pulmonary artery stenosis and thrombosis
requiring reoperation, and transient ventricular fibrillation. One patient
required hemi-Fontan takedown, and this patient later (3 months
postoperatively) became the only death. Fontan take-downs have had a high
mortality rate. In 3 patients who tolerated Fontan operation poorly,
converting Fontan to hemi-Fontan abruptly reversed the downhill course. For
these patients, the operation was life-saving. Hemi-Fontan operation is
safe and well-tolerated, even in infants, provides the advantages of
modified Glenn physiology before Fontan operation, and may be especially
useful for Fontan takedown after failed Fontan.
ARTICLES
Hemi-Fontan operation in surgery for single ventricle: a preliminary report
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425.
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