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Ann Thorac Surg 1991;51:271-277
© 1991 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Articles

Potential use of recombinant hirudin as an anticoagulant in a cardiopulmonary bypass model

Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois USA

Accepted for publication October 22, 1990.

^_* Address reprint requests to Dr Walenga, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2160 S First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153.

Recombinant (r) hirudin is a potent thrombin-specific inhibitor derived from the natural hirudin of the leech (Hirudo medicinalis). We have studied the efficacy of r-hirudin compared with heparin in a canine model of cardiopulmonary bypass operations. Two administration regimens were used for r-hirudin: group 1, 1.0 mg/kg intracardiac bolus then intravenous bolus at 30 minutes (n = 10); and group 2, 1.0 mg/kg intracardiac bolus with 1.25 ± 0.04 mg · kg^–1 · h^–1 intravenous infusion (n = 8). Group 3 was given an intracardiac bolus of heparin, 1.66 mg/kg (n = 9). Aspiration of blood from the chest cavity revealed no significant difference between the three groups. Measurement of fibrin deposits in the pump line filter revealed higher amounts in the r-hirudin groups (p = 0.02). Decreases in platelets, fibrinogen, and hematocrit due primarily to hemodilution were the same in each group. The bleeding time assay showed less prolongation for r-hirudin than for heparin (p < 0.001). No antagonist for r-hirudin was used; however, due to its short half-life all coagulation variables returned to base-line within 30 minutes after cardiopulmonary bypass. Because r-hirudin lacks effect on platelets, is a poor immunogen, does not require a plasma cofactor, and may not require an antagonist, it may provide an alternative anticoagulant to heparin in cardiopulmonary bypass. Additional studies are, however, needed to optimize the dose and to evaluate other clinical aspects of r-hirudin.

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