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Ann Thorac Surg 1989;47:689-692
© 1989 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons


Articles

Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus: A 30-year experience

James W. Pate, MD*, MD William A. Walker, MD F.Hammond Cole, Jr, MD Edmond W. Owen, MD William H. Johnson

Department of Surgery, The University of Tennessee-Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

* Address reprint requests to Dr Pate, Department of Surgery, 956 Court Ave, Memphis, TN 38163.

This retrospective review of 34 patients with spontaneous rupture of the esophagus, which spans a 30-year period, attempts to identify areas in diagnosis and therapy that might alter the dismal prognosis. The diagnosis and definitive surgical repair of Boerhaave's syndrome were frequently delayed. Delay resulted in a significant increase in complication rates. Pain (85%) and vomiting (71%) were the only common historical events suggesting the diagnosis. Physical examination was of aid in the diagnosis in only the 9 patients (27%) who demonstrated cervical or mediastinal emphysema. The initial chest roentgenogram was abnormal in 97% of the patients, bat was interpreted as "compatible with perforation of the esophagus" in only 27%. Esophagography was diagnostic in 23 of 24 patients in whom it was used. Thoracentesis was of little diagnostic aid, but pleural fluid pH was measured in only 15% of the patients. Prompt surgical repair, regardless of time after onset, appears to be the indicated therapy.




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