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Ann Thorac Surg 1989;47:400-406
© 1989 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Articles

Apparent coagulopathy caused by infusion of shed mediastinal blood and its prevention by washing of the infusate

^a Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, USA
^b Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital; and Blood Bank, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA

Accepted for publication September 20, 1988.

^_* Address reprint requests to Dr Griffith, 2090 Redwood Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060.

We found that reinfusion of shed mediastinal blood (SMB) after a cardiac operation was associated with laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation. In view of this, we compared the effect of infusing washed or unwashed SMB on the coagulation profiles and blood use of two serial groups of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. We found that the results of testing for fibrin degradation products converted from negative to positive in 17 of 20 patients who received unwashed SMB versus 1 of 14 patients who received washed SMB (p < 0.0001). Other coagulation studies did not reveal disseminated intravascular coagulation in either group, nor were there differences in blood use between the two groups. The unwashed SMB contained high titers of fibrin degradation products (mean reciprocal titer = 354 ± 161) compared with washed SMB (mean reciprocal titer = 34 ± 18) (p < 0.01). Based on the volume of SMB infused, the amount of fibrin degradation products in unwashed SMB was sufficient to account for the positive fibrin degradation product assays after infusion in this group. We conclude that infusion of unwashed SMB may confuse the interpretation of tests for disseminated intravascular coagulation or fibrinolysis. As this could lead to unnecessary blood component use and is preventable by washing before infusion, we recommend that the routine infusion of unwashed SMB no longer be employed.

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