The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Vol 46, 13-19, Copyright © 1988 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
Impending sudden cardiac death: treatment with myocardial revascularization and the automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator
JD Fonger, T Guarnieri, LS Griffith, E Veltri, J Levine, M Mower, M Mirowski, L Grunwald and L Watkins Jr
Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.
Myocardial revascularization and implantation of the automatic implantable
cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) have individually been shown to improve
survival in patients after sudden cardiac death. Their combined role has
not been well defined. Twenty-three survivors of sudden death underwent
revascularization and AICD implantation at an average age of 59 years. The
initial arrest was caused by ventricular fibrillation in 15 and ventricular
tachycardia in 8. Exercise stress tests, ambulatory ECGs, and
electrophysiological monitoring with programmed electrical stimulation were
done preoperatively and postoperatively. Follow-up averaged 24 months with
a two-year survival of 91%. Eight patients (35%) required AICD
resuscitation an average of 8 months postoperatively, and
electrophysiological testing did not accurately predict arrhythmia
recurrence. The addition of AICD implantation to revascularization
substantially improves survival of patients with sudden cardiac death.