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Ann Thorac Surg 1987;44:173-179
© 1987 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, University of Torino Medical School, and the Divisions of Anaesthesiology and Microbiology and the Research Methodology Center, S. Giovanni Battista Hospital, Torino, Italy
Accepted for publication January 20, 1987.
* Address reprint requests to Dr. Ottino, Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Torino, Corso Polonia 14, 10126 Torino, Italy
From January, 1979, to December, 1984, at the Cardiac Surgery Department of the University of Torino Medical School, major sternal wound infections developed in 48 (1.86%) of 2,579 consecutive patients. These patients underwent open-heart procedures through a midline sternotomy and survived long enough for infection to appear. Possible risk factors were evaluated by means of a multivariate analysis. For the group of patients, we considered age, sex, hospital environment (different locations of our surgical facilities over the years), interval between hospital admission and operation, antibiotic prophylaxis, type of surgical procedure, elective or emergency surgical procedure, reoperation, duration of surgical procedures, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, amount of blood transfused, postoperative blood loss, chest reexploration, rewiring of a sterile sternal dehiscence, duration of mechanical ventilation, and days of treatment in the intensive care unit.
Univariate analysis indicated that age, sex, type and mode of surgical procedure, antibiotic prophylaxis, and duration of mechanical ventilation were not significantly associated with wound infection. For all other predisposing factors, a p value of less than .05 was demonstrated. These variables were entered in a multiple stepwise logistic regression. Six emerged as significant: hospital environment (p = .0001), interval between admission and surgery (p = .041), reoperation (p < .0001), blood transfusions (p = .031), early chest reexploration (p < .0001), and sternal rewiring (p < .0001). Contamination of patients may occur before, during, and after operation, and any kind of reintervention may predispose to wound infection.
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W. Ko, W. D. Lazenby, J. A. Zelano, O. W. Isom, and K. H. Krieger Effects of shaving methods and intraoperative irrigation on suppurative mediastinitis after bypass operations Ann. Thorac. Surg., February 1, 1992; 53(2): 301 - 305. [Abstract] [PDF]
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G. Tavilla, J. A. M. van Son, A. F. Verhagen, and L. K. Lacquet Modified Robicsek technique for complicated sternal closure Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 1991; 52(5): 1179 - 1180. [Abstract] [PDF]
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P. Vanleeuw, D. Roux, G. Fournial, P. Dalous, Y. Glock, P. Puel, F. Joffre, and H. Rousseau Early postoperative sternal approximation after ITA harvesting: Computed tomographic evaluation Ann. Thorac. Surg., September 1, 1991; 52(3): 518 - 522. [Abstract] [PDF]
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L. J. Kohman, M. J. Coleman, and F. B. Parker Jr Bacteremia and sternal infection after coronary artery bypass grafting Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 1990; 49(3): 454 - 457. [Abstract] [PDF]
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T. L. Demmy, S. B. Park, G. A. Liebler, J. A. Burkholder, T. D. Maher, D. H. Benckart, G. J. Magovern Jr, and G. J. Magovern Sr Recent experience with major sternal wound complications Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 1990; 49(3): 458 - 462. [Abstract] [PDF]
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D. D. Glower, J. M. Douglas Jr, J. W. Gaynor, R. N. Jones, and H. N. Oldham Jr Candida mediastinitis after a cardiac operation Ann. Thorac. Surg., January 1, 1990; 49(1): 157 - 163. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. F. Lovich, L. I. G. Iverson, J. N. Young, C. L. Ennix Jr, J. E. Harrell Jr, R. R. Ecker, G. Lau, P. Joseph, and I. A. May Omental Pedicle Grafting in the Treatment of Postcardiotomy Sternotomy Infection Arch Surg, October 1, 1989; 124(10): 1192 - 1194. [Abstract] [PDF]
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B. P. Griffith, R. L. Kormos, R. L. Hardesty, J. M. Armitage, and J. S. Dummer The artificial heart: Infection-related morbidity and its effect on transplantation Ann. Thorac. Surg., April 1, 1988; 45(4): 409 - 414. [Abstract] [PDF]
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