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Ann Thorac Surg 1987;43:270-275
© 1987 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

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Articles

Effect of Aortic Stenosis on Oxygen Balance in Partially Ischemic Myocardium

From the Department of Surgery and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Heart and Brain Circulation Laboratory, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Rutgers Medical School, Piscataway, NJ

Accepted for publication April 15, 1986.

^* Address reprint requests to Dr. Weiss, Heart and Brain Circulation Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, UMDNJ-Rutgers Medical School, P.O. Box 101, Piscataway, NJ 08854

Valvar aortic stenosis can result in myocardial underperfusion with or without coronary obstruction. The purpose of this study was to determine how hearts with valvar aortic stenosis without hypertrophy can maintain their oxygen supply/consumption balance with partial left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion. Open-chested, anesthetized dogs (n = 9) were subjected to mild valvar aortic stenosis and then to a reduction of LAD flow to 50% of baseline, while controls (n = 9) received partial LAD occlusion without aortic stenosis. Blood flows were determined before and after aortic stenosis and after LAD occlusion using radioactive microspheres. The hearts were then removed for microspectrophotometric analysis of regional venous and arterial oxygen saturation. Aortic stenosis resulted in a pressure gradient of approximately 50 mm Hg, representing mild aortic stenosis. Only a slight increase in myocardial blood flow was seen with aortic stenosis. Ischemia resulted in a significant drop in blood flow in control (40%) and aortic stenosis (55%) animals compared with their own preocclusion values. These ischemic region flows were not different from each other. Aortic stenosis itself did not alter oxygen extraction, although partial occlusion similarly increased extraction for all groups in the ischemic zone. The LAD occlusion resulted in a decreased oxygen consumption in the occluded region of all groups, with no differences noted between control and aortic stenosed animals. Thus, mild, acute aortic stenosis without hypertrophy does not appear to significantly increase the severity of an ischemic episode precipitated by partial LAD occlusion.

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