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Ann Thorac Surg 1986;41:372-377
© 1986 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Articles

Spectral Analysis of Small-Amplitude Electrical Activity in the Cold Potassium-Arrested Heart

R.W. Landymore, M.D., F.R.C.S.*, A.E. Marble, Ph.D.(Eng), C.A. Cameron, B.N.

Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

Accepted for publication June 11, 1985.

* Address reprint requests to Dr. Landymore, Room 3065, R. C. Dickson Centre, Victoria General Hospital, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 2Y9

Recent reports have suggested that small-amplitude electrical activity may persist following the administration of potassium cardioplegia. This report confirms the presence of small-amplitude electrical activity in the potassium-arrested heart and describes a canine model that may be used to measure microvolt plunge-electrode potentials during ischemic arrest. Thirty-one adult mongrel dogs were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass and underwent 90 minutes of ischemic arrest. The heart was arrested with 10 ml per kilogram of body weight of crystalloid cardioplegia (20 mEq of KCI/L) at 4°. Core temperature was maintained at 26° and myocardial temperature, within a range of 8° to 10° with topical ice-slush saline solution. Cardioplegic solution, 10 ml/kg, was reinfused every 30 minutes during the 90 minutes of ischemia. Electrical activity and transmural temperature were continuously monitored over the anterior surface of the left ventricle with specially designed plunge electrodes. Visual electrical and mechanical activity ceased in each animal after the infusion of cardioplegic solution, and was associated with an isoelectric electrocardiogram. However, microvolt (10–6 V) small-amplitude electrical activity was recorded at a myocardial temperature of 10° in each animal during ischemic arrest, and the activity from 6 animals was stored on magnetic tape. Spectral analysis of electrical activity during cardioplegic arrest indicated that the fundamental frequency of small-amplitude electrical activity was in the range of 3.25 Hz. These data confirm the presence of small-amplitude electrical activity in the cardioplegia-arrested heart at 10°.




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