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The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Vol 40, 556-560, Copyright © 1985 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
M Coughlin, J Deslauriers, M Beaulieu, B Fournier, M Piraux, J Rouleau and A Tardif
Since the introduction of mediastinoscopy, there has been a great deal of
discussion regarding indications for this technique and the significance of
positive findings. We undertook this study to determine the role of
clinical staging and the value of routine mediastinoscopy in the treatment
selection of patients with primary lung cancer. From 1975 to 1983, 1,259
consecutive patients with proven and operable lung cancer underwent
preresection mediastinoscopy. Nodes were sampled at three levels, and
findings were recorded by location, invasiveness, and histology. There were
no operative deaths, but 3 patients had a major complication.
Mediastinoscopy was positive in 339 (27%) patients and negative in 920
(73%). In the group with positive findings, 303 patients had no operation
because a curative resection was not possible (extranodal metastases, 180;
location, 76; histology, 47). No patient survived 5 years, and only 4%
survived 2 years. Of the 36 patients considered to have operable disease,
28 underwent resection with a projected 5-year survival of 18%. In the
group with negative findings, 89% had a curative resection with a hospital
mortality of 3.2% and 5- year survival of 53%. When results of
mediastinoscopy were correlated with findings at thoracotomy, the
sensitivity of the test was 93% on nodes in the superior mediastinum and
the specificity, 100%. This study shows that mediastinoscopy is safe and is
an accurate indicator of the presence or absence of tumor in superior
mediastinal nodes. If positive nodes are found, a curative resection is
generally not possible, thoracotomy is avoided, and the overall survival is
low.
ARTICLES
Role of mediastinoscopy in pretreatment staging of patients with primary lung cancer
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