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The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Vol 20, 418-423, Copyright © 1975 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
HH Zwart, JZ Brainard and RA DeWall
Pressures were measured in the heart and great vessels of 52 patients who
underwent coronary revascularization. In 25 patients the left ventricle was
vented during fibrillation; in the others a vent was not used. Samples for
blood gas analysis were obtained twice during fibrillation from the aorta,
left atrium, pulmonary artery, and right atrium. Left ventricular venting
was found to be effective in keeping mean left heart pressure below 10 mm
Hg, although temporary incompetence of the aortic valve or malfunction of
the vent occasionally caused higher pressures. Vent use led to air embolism
in the aorta in 16% of the patients. In the nonvented patients mean left
heart pressures remained between 10 and 20 mm Hg. However, higher values
were frequently observed. Blood gas analysis demonstrated that without
venting, retrograde pulmonary flow occurred during fibrillation. No
abnormality was encountered that could be related to nonventing.
ARTICLES
Ventricular fibrillation without left ventricular venting. Observations in humans
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