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Ann Thorac Surg 1975;19:386-396
© 1975 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Articles

Electrocardiographic Changes During Surface-Induced Deep Hypothermia

The Influence of Ether, Halothane, Carbon Dioxide, and Perfusion Rewarming

Murray P. Sands, Shigekazu Sato, M.D., Hitoshi Mohri, M.D.*, Warren G. Guntheroth, M.D., K. Alvin Merendino, M.D.

From the Department of Surgery, Divison of Cardiothoracic Surgery, and the Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seatte, Wash.

Accepted for publication November 25, 1974.

* Address reprint requests to Dr. Mohri, Department of Surgery RF-25, University Hospital, Seattle, Wash, 98195.

The influence of halothane, ether, carbon dioxide, and perfusion rewarming on the electrocardiogram was studied in 37 dogs subjected to surface-induced deep hypothermia. Significant anesthetic-related differences in P-R, QRS, Q-T, and R-R intervals during cooling were not apparent; however, reduced arterial pressure, ventricular fibrillation, and a greater tendency for bradycardia requiring supportive measures were noted at low temperatures with halothane anesthesia. The use of 95% O2/5% CO2 significantly reduced the QTc at low temperatures. Other phenomena, including the occurrence and significance of J waves, are discussed. The relationship of the electrocardiogram to clinical and pathological results was evaluated and indicates that (1) properly managed resuscitation (manual massage and defibrillation) is not a serious hazard, (2) ether in 100% oxygen is the agent of choice for surface-induced deep hypothermia with prolonged circulatory arrest, and (3) halothane may be used in a procedure combining surface cooling and perfusion rewarming if given in a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide.




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M. P. Sands, D. H. Dillard, E. A. Hessel II, and D. W. Miller Jr
Improved Anesthesia for Deep Surface-Induced Hypothermia: The Halothane-Diethyl Ether Azeotrope
Ann. Thorac. Surg., February 1, 1980; 29(2): 123 - 129.
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S. Sato, V. Vanini, M. P. Sands, K. C. Wong, H. Mohri, and K. A. Merendino
The Use of Forane Anesthesia for Surface-Induced Deep Hypothermia
Ann. Thorac. Surg., September 1, 1975; 20(3): 299 - 307.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1975 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons.